|
Test and cutoff
|
Sensitivity (95% CI)
|
Specificity (95% CI)
|
PPV (95% CI)
|
NPV (95% CI)
|
Accuracy (95% CI)
|
|---|
|
CRP
| | | | | |
|
≥ 5 mg/l
|
0.96 (0.91–0.98)
|
0.16 (0.09–0.26)
|
0.71 (0.65–0.77)
|
0.63 (0.41–0.81)
|
0.71 (0.64–0.76)
|
|
≥40 mg/l
|
0.76 (0.69–0.82)*
|
0.62 (0.51–0.72)
|
0.81 (0.74–0.87)
|
0.54 (0.44–0.64)*
|
0.71 (0.65–0.77)
|
|
≥100 mg/l
|
0.54 (0.46–0.62)
|
0.90 (0.82–0.95)
|
0.93 (0.85–0.96)
|
0.47 (0.39–0.56)
|
0.65 (0.59–0.71)
|
|
PCT
| | | | | |
|
≥0.1 μg/l
|
0.90 (0.85–0.94)
|
0.32 (0.22–0.43)
|
0.74 (0.68–0.80)
|
0.60 (0.47–0.74)
|
0.72 (0.66–0.77)
|
|
≥0.2 μg/l
|
0.77 (0.70–0.82)*
|
0.59 (0.48–0.70)
|
0.80 (0.74–0.86)
|
0.54 (0.43–0.64)*
|
0.71 (0.65–0.77)
|
|
≥0.5 μg/l
|
0.63 (0.55–0.70)
|
0.79 (0.68–0.87)
|
0.87 (0.80–0.92)
|
0.49 (0.40–0.58)
|
0.68 (0.62–0.73)
|
|
≥2 μg/l
|
0.36 (0.30–0.44)
|
0.93 (0.85–0.97)
|
0.92 (0.83–0.97)
|
0.40 (0.33–0.47)
|
0.54 (0.48–0.60)
|
|
≥5 μg/l
|
0.23 (0.17–0.30)
|
0.99 (0.93–1.00)
|
0.97 (0.87–0.99)
|
0.37 (0.30–0.44)
|
0.46 (0.40–0.53)
|
|
Emergency physician
|
0.85 (0.79–0.90)
|
0.57 (0.45–0.67)
|
0.81 (0.75–0.86)
|
0.63 (0.51–0.74)
|
0.76 (0.70–0.81)
|
- Shown is a comparison of performance of procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) with emergency physician for the diagnosis of bacterial/parasitic infection, with the 'gold standard' being experts diagnosis. *P < 0.05, versus emergency physician. CI, confidence interval; NPV, negative predictive value; PPV, positive predictive value.
