Risk factors for post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms following critical illness requiring mechanical ventilation: a prospective cohort study

Table 1 Baseline characteristics and ICU outcomes for patients evaluated at six months and those not tested

	six-month follow-up	Not tested
Characteristics	(n = 43)	(n = 136)	p value^a
Age in years, median (IQR)	52 (39–65)	55 (42–68)	0.39
Female, percentage (number/total)	53 (23/43)	49 (66/136)	0.60
Black, percentage (number/total)	16 (7/43)	24 (33/136)	0.40
Charlson Comorbidity Index, median (IQR)	3 (2–5)	3 (1–5)	0.34
APACHE II score, median (IQR)	25 (20–31)	25 (18–31)	0.63
ICU admission diagnosis^b, percentage (number/total)
Sepsis and/or acute respiratory distress syndrome	42 (18/43)	49 (66/136)	0.49
Pneumonia	26 (11/43)	15 (21/136)	0.17
Myocardial infarction/Congestive heart failure	9 (4/43)	9 (12/136)	1.00
Hepatic or renal failure	12 (5/43)	1 (1/136)	0.003
COPD	2 (1/43)	10 (14/136)	0.12
Gastrointestinal bleeding	2 (1/43)	10 (14/136)	0.12
Malignancy	5 (2/43)	2 (3/136)	0.59
Drug overdose	5 (2/43)	7 (9/136)	1.00
Other	21 (9/43)	34 (46/136)	0.13
ICU length of stay in days, median (IQR)	10 (5–13)	7 (5–10)	0.08
Days on mechanical ventilation, median (IQR)	5 (3–12)	6 (3–9)	0.61
Duration of coma in days, median (IQR)	1 (0–3)	1 (0–2)	0.16
Duration of delirium in days, median (IQR)	2 (1–3)	2 (1–3)	0.39

^ap values were obtained using Wilcoxon rank-sum tests for all variables except female and black/white, for which Fisher exact tests were used. ^bPrimary and secondary admission diagnoses are included, resulting in some patients being listed twice (for example, as having both sepsis and COPD). APACHE II, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ICU, intensive care unit; IQR, interquartile range.

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