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Table 1 Baseline sociodemographics and clinical characteristics

From: Differences in one-year health outcomes and resource utilization by definition of prolonged mechanical ventilation: a prospective cohort study

Characteristic

Short-term MV (n = 524)

DRG 541/542 (n = 267)

MV ≥ 21 days (n = 114)

Age

65 (49 to 75)

66 (45 to 75)

66 (47 to 74)

Age group (years)

   ≤ 34

57 (11%)

42 (16%)

12 (11%)

   35–54

124 (24%)

59 (22%)

33 (29%)

   55–64

79 (15%)

26 (10%)

10 (9%)

   65–74

121 (23%)

68 (25%)

32 (28%)

   75–84

110 (21%)

64 (24%)

25 (22%)

   ≥ 85

33 (6%)

8 (3%)

2 (2%)

Female

255 (48%)

110 (41%)*

45 (39%)

Racea

   Black

87 (16%)

35 (13%)

19 (17%)

   White

435 (83%)

231 (87%)

94 (82%)

   Other

2 (1%)

1 (1%)

1 (1%)

Marital status

   Married

257 (49%)

133 (51%)

66 (59%)

   Unmarried

259 (51%)

126 (49%)

45 (41%)

Education

   High school or less

256 (86%)

159 (73%)*

69 (72%)

   More than high school

140 (14%)

59 (27%)

27 (28%)

Income

   < $20,000

139 (48%)

86 (57%)

33 (48%)

   ≥ $20,000

149 (52%)

64 (43%)

36 (52%)

Residence before hospitalization

   Home

455 (87%)

251 (94%)*

106 (93%)

   Rehab facility

10 (2%)

3 (1%)

0 (0%)

   Nursing facility

55 (10%)

11 (4%)

7 (6%)

   Other

4 (1%)

2 (1%)

1 (1%)

Work status before hospitalization

   Employed

103 (21%)

63 (24%)

26 (24%)

   Student

10 (2%)

5 (2%)

1 (1%)

   Homemaker

50 (9%)

24 (9%)

10 (9%)

   Retired

224 (46%)

108 (40%)

44 (40%)

   Unemployed

68 (14%)

43 (16%)

17 (16%)

   Disabled

36 (7%)

8 (3%)

11 (10%)

   Charlson Index

2.4 (2.6)

1.8 (2.3)*

2.2 (2.7)

   Missing

1 (1%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

   ADLs

1.4 (2.1)

0.8 (1.7)*

1.0 (1.7)†

   Missing

84 (17%)

41 (12%)

16 (14%)

IADLs

2.9 (2.9)

2.0 (2.8)*

2.2 (2.8)†

   Missing

146 (28%)

56 (21%)

26 (23%)

SF-36 physical function

48 (39)

62 (38)*

56 (40)†

   Missing

135 (26%)

56 (21%)

22 (19%)

Primary admission diagnosis

   Medical

350 (67%)

142 (53%)*

70 (61%)

   Respiratory

140 (40%)

54 (38%)

29 (42%)

   Cardiovascular

46 (13%)

14 (10%)

5 (7%)

   Neurologic

77 (22%)

50 (35%)

19 (27%)

   Other

87 (25%)

24 (17%)

17 (24%)

   Surgical

198 (19%)

66 (25%)

25 (22%)

   Trauma

44 (8%)

43 (16%)

9 (8%)

   Missing

32 (6%)

16 (6%)

10 (9%)

Admission source

   Direct admit

55 (11%)

28 (10%)

13 (11%)

   Emergency room

133 (25%)

78 (29%)

27 (24%)

   Floor

145 (28%)

55 (21%)

29 (25%)

   ICU

14 (3%)

3 (1%)

1 (1%)

   Operating room

98 (19%)

66 (25%)

25 (22%)

   Transfer

47 (9%)

21 (8%)

9 (8%)

   Missing

32 (6%)

16 (6%)

10 (9%)

   APACHE III score: day 1

70 (30)

64 (26)*

69 (26)

   Missing

25 (5%)

16 (6%)

10 (9%)

   APS: day 1

57 (27)

53 (24)*

57 (24)

   Missing

25 (5%)

16 (6%)

10 (9%)

  1. Values are expressed as n (%), mean (standard deviation), or median (interquartile range). Statistical tests were performed between short-term ventilation and either DRG 541/542 or ventilation ≥ 21 days groups. P values by χ2 test (for percentages), two-sided t-tests (for means), and Wilcoxon rank sum test (for medians). aComparisons are white versus non-white, home versus non-home, employed versus not employed, medical versus nonmedical diagnosis, and direct versus other admission. *P < 0.05 for comparison between short-term ventilation and DRG 541/542; †P < 0.05 for comparison between short-term ventilation and ventilation ≥ 21 days. ADL, activity of daily living; APACHE, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; APS, Acute Physiology Score; DRG, diagnosis related group; IADL, instrumental activity of daily living; ICU, intensive care unit; MV, mechanical ventilation; SF-36, Short Form 36-item.
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