Outcome measures | Ultrasound group (n = 450) | Landmark group (n = 450) |
---|---|---|
Access time (seconds) | 17.1 ± 16.5 (11.5 to 41.4)a | 44 ± 95.4 (33.2 to 77.5) |
Success rate | 450 (100%)a | 425 (94.4%) |
Carotid puncture | 5 (1.1%)a | 48 (10.6%) |
Haematoma | 2 (0.4%)a | 38 (8.4%) |
Haemothorax | 0 (0%)a | 8 (1.7%) |
Pneumothorax | 0 (0%)a | 11 (2.4%) |
Average number of attempts | 1.1 ± 0.6 (1.1 to 1.9)a | 2.6 ± 2.9 (1.5 to 6.3) |
CVC-BSI | 47 (10.4%)a | 72 (16%) |