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Table 1 Characteristics of the total study population
| Characteristics | Ultrasound group (n = 450) | Landmark group (n = 450) |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years)a | 58.3 ± 10.3 | 59 ± 9.5 |
| Gender (male/female ratio)a | 0.56 ± 0.4 | 0.6 ± 0.4 |
| Side of catheterisation (left/right) | 222/228 | 218/232 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2)a | 24.1 ± 5.3 | 23.7 ± 5.9 |
| Prior catheterisation | 85 (18.8%) | 76 (16.8%) |
| Limited sites for access attempts | 51 (11.3%) | 55 (12.2%) |
| Previous difficulties during catheterisation | 44 (9.7%) | 40 (8.8%) |
| Previous mechanical complication | 18 (4%) | 20 (4.4%) |
| Known vascular abnormality | 4 (0.8%) | 3 (0.6%) |
| Untreated coagulopathy | 25 (5.5%) | 24 (5.3%) |
| Skeletal deformity | 15 (3.3%) | 13 (2.8%) |
| Cannulation during cardiac arrest | 31 (6.8%) | 35 (7.7%) |
