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Table 1 Times of appearance of clinical, biochemical, MRI, and x-ray findings suggesting HO

From: Heterotopic ossification of the knee joint in intensive care unit patients: early diagnosis with magnetic resonance imaging

Findings indicating HO

Clinical

ALP

MRI

X-rays

Time in days mean ± standard deviation

18.7 ± 6.7

13.6 ± 4.7

20.2 ± 6.6

41.4 ± 8.2

  1. Heterotopic ossification (HO) in the knee joint of 11 intensive care unit patients. Increase of serum levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was the earliest indication of HO. MRI, magnetic resonance imaging.