Table 1 Risk factors for ICU-acquired Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and ICU-acquired infection related to S. maltophilia by univariate analysis
From: Intensive care unit-acquired Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: incidence, risk factors, and outcome
Cases (n = 38) | Controls (n = 76) | p value | Cases with infection (n = 30) | Controls (n = 60) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
At ICU admission | ||||||
Age, years | 63 ± 12 | 65 ± 12 | 0.573 | 63 ± 13 | 65 ± 13 | 0.523 |
SAPS II | 32 ± 15 | 30 ± 15 | 0.582 | 32 ± 15 | 31 ± 15 | 0.784 |
Male gender | 24 (63) | 50 (65) | 0.470 | 10 (33) | 20 (33) | NA |
Transfer to the ICU from a ward | 31 (81) | 65 (85) | 0.358 | 25 (83) | 50 (83) | NA |
Surgery | 9 (23) | 18 (23) | NA | 7 (23) | 14 (23) | NA |
Diabetes mellitus | 4 (10) | 7 (9) | 0.532 | 4 (13) | 6 (10) | 0.441 |
COPD | 24 (63) | 17 (22) | <0.001a | 20 (66) | 12 (20) | <0.001b |
Cystic fibrosis | 3 (7) | 2 (2) | 0.205 | 3 (10) | 1 (1) | 0.106 |
Prior antibiotic treatment | 19 (50) | 29 (38) | 0.157 | 15 (50) | 23 (38) | 0.203 |
Organ failure | ||||||
Respiratory | 38 (100) | 53 (69) | <0.001c | 30 (100) | 39 (65) | <0.001d |
Cardiac | 8 (18) | 13 (17) | 0.431 | 7 (23) | 9 (15) | 0.267 |
Renal | 9 (23) | 16 (21) | 0.506 | 7 (23) | 13 (21) | 0.561 |
Neurologic | 6 (25) | 24 (31) | 0.042e | 4 (13) | 20 (33) | 0.028f |
Digestive | 1 (2) | 8 (10) | 0.120 | 1 (3) | 8 (13) | 0.119 |
During ICU hospitalization | ||||||
Central venous catheter | 35 (92) | 69 (90) | 0.559 | 27 (90) | 55 (91) | 0.537 |
Urinary catheter | 35 (92) | 63 (82) | 0.147 | 28 (93) | 50 (83) | 0.162 |
Tracheostomy | 6 (15) | 10 (13) | 0.453 | 4 (13) | 6 (10) | 0.441 |
Mechanical ventilation | 32 (84) | 57 (75) | 0.191 | 30 (100) | 57 (95) | 0.442 |
Duration of mechanical ventilation, days | 12 ± 10 | 7 ± 11 | 0.026 | 12 ± 10 | 8 ± 12 | 0.016 |
Duration of ICU stay, days | 14 ± 11 | 15 ± 17 | 0.537 | 14 ± 12 | 14 ± 20 | 0.523 |