Long-term outcomes and clinical predictors of hospital mortality in very long stay intensive care unit patients: a cohort study

Table 1 Patient characteristics

Characteristic	Survivors (n = 106)	Nonsurvivors (n = 76)	P
Comorbidites
Age (years [mean ± SD])	61 ± 17	65 ± 15	0.11
Female sex	40 (38%)	28 (37%)	0.90
Obese (i.e. BMI > 30 kg/m²)	27 (26%)	17 (22%)	0.58
Diabetes	16 (15%)	23 (30%)	0.014
Congestive heart failure	16 (15%)	19 (25%)	0.09
Disabling neurological disease	33 (31%)	22 (29%)	0.75
Lung disease	32 (30%)	25 (33%)	0.70
ESRD	4 (4%)	5 (7%)	0.39
Liver disease	2 (2%)	3 (4%)	0.65^a
Immunocompromised	10 (9%)	16 (21%)	0.03
Cancer	15 (14%)	12 (16%)	0.76
ICU admission
Place of residence before hospital admission
Home	99 (93%)	70 (92%)	0.48^a
Nursing home^b	4 (4%)	5 (7%)
Tracheostomy^c	3 (3%)	0 (0%)
Ventilated^d	0 (0%)	1 (1%)
Admission APACHE II score (mean ± SD)	23 ± 8	26 ± 9	0.005
Medical admission	58 (55%)	46 (61%)	0.43
Nonelective admission	88 (83%)	63 (83%)	0.98
Admission diagnostic group			0.21^a
Respiratory	35 (33%)	31 (41%)
Cardiovascular	24 (23%)	21 (28%)
Gastrointestinal	29 (27%)	9 (12%)
Neurological	11 (10%)	4 (5%)
Genitourinary	2 (2%)	6 (8%)
Other	5 (5%)	5 (7%)

Values are expressed as n (%) except where noted otherwise. ^aP value obtained using Fisher's exact test. ^b'Nursing home' refers to a patient from a long-term care institution without a permanent tracheostomy. ^c'Tracheostomy' refers to a nonventilated patient with a permanent tracheostomy from a long-term care institution. ^d'Ventilated' refers to a chronically ventilated patient from a long-term care institution. APACHE, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; BMI, body mass index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ESRD, end-stage renal disease; ICU, intensive care unit; SD, standard deviation.

ISSN: 1364-8535