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Figure 1 | Critical Care

Figure 1

From: The use of moderate hypothermia during cardiac surgery is associated with repression of tumour necrosis factor-α via inhibition of activating protein-1: an experimental study

Figure 1

TNF-α mRNA expression and TNF-α concentration: hypothermia versus normothermia. Shown are the expression of TNF-α mRNA and TNF-α concentrations in pigs operated on under moderate hypothermia (28°C; circles) or normothermia (37°C; squares). The time points of evaluation were as follows: 1 = before CPB; 2 = before aortic cross clamping; 3 = before removal of aortic clamp; and 4 = 6 hours after CPB. (a) In the upper panel, showing TNF-α mRNA findings, results are given as mean ± standard deviation. §P < 0.1. Lower panel: gel showing the effect of temperature on myocardial expression of TNF-α mRNA; results are representative of six independent experiments in each group. (b) In the upper panel, showing TNF-α protein concentrations, results are given as mean ± standard deviation. *P < 0.05, §P < 0.1. Lower panel: gel showing the effect of temperature on myocardial expression of TNF-α, as detected by Western blot. Band intensities for TNF-α were normalized for band intensities for actin. Results are representative of six independent experiments in each group (28°C = hypothermia, 37°C = normothermia). bp, base pairs; CPB cardiopulmonary bypass; M, molecular weight markers; TNF, tumour necrosis factor.

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Critical Care

ISSN: 1364-8535