Table 1 Characteristics and outcomes of matched cases and controls (patients infected and non-infected with A. baumannii)

[14]

Bacteremia; medical, surgical, burn, and cardiac surgery ICUs of a hospital in Belgium

45 patients with Ab bacteremia

90 patients without bacteremia (excluding coagulase-negative Staphylococci)

(1) APACHE II score; (2) primary diagnosis of ICU admission; (3) LOS in the ICU at least as long as that of the case prior to isolation of Ab

Hospital: 19/45 (42.2%)

Hospital: 31/90 (34.4%)

0.378

7.8 (95% CI - 9.7 to 25.3)

Mean 28, SD 19.9, median 25, IQR 16–34

Mean 23, SD 20.2, median 20, IQR 8–31

0.043

ICU: 14/45 (31.3%)

ICU: 19/90 (21.3%)

0.203

10

[18]

Bloodstream infection; burn ICU in Germany

29 patients with nosocomial Ab bloodstream infection

58 matched controls without Ab BSI

(1) Date of admission; (2) age; (3) LOS in the ICU at least as long as that of the case before isolation of Ab; (4) same unit

Hospital: 9/29 (31%)

Hospital: 8/58 (14%)

0.056

17

Mean 50, SD 27

Mean 30, SD 23

NR

[11]

Microbiologically documented VAP; 4 Spanish ICUs

60 patients with VAP due to Ab

60 patients with any documented non-Ab infection or no infection at all

(1) Equal or longer duration of stay in ICU before pneumonia; (2) APACHE II score; (3) primary diagnosis of ICU admission

ICU: 24/60 (40%)

ICU: 17/60 (28.3%)

0.17

11.7

Mean 35.3, SD 23.8

Mean 36.6, SD 35.7

NS

[15]

Nosocomial outbreak of resistant Ab; MICU in USA

14 patients with Ab nosocomial pneumonia and/or bloodstream infection

29 patients mechanically ventilated for at least 7 days without developing Ab infection or colonization

(1) Date of admission; (2) mechanical ventilation in the MICU for ≥ 1 week

Hospital: 6/14 (43%)

Hospital: 11/29 (32%)

0.9

11

NR

NR

NR

[21]

Acquisition of Ab in critically ill patients in ICU; medical and surgical ICU in Spain

75 patients (48 infected, 27 colonized) with Ab isolation

75 patients without any Ab isolation

(1) Age; (2) sex; (3) APACHE II; (4) date of admission; (5) primary diagnosis of ICU admission; (6) LOS in the ICU at least as long as that of the case before isolation of Ab; (7) Mechanical ventilation for >24 h

ICU: 28/48 (58%)

ICU: 7/48 (15%)

< 0.001

43 (95% CI 34–52)

Mean 30.1, SD 27.2, median 23, IQR 11.5–37

Mean 15.5, SD 19.3, median 10, IQR 7.5–15

< 0.001

[20]

Nosocomial acquisition of MDR Ab; MICU in France

40 patients (13 infected and 27 colonized) with Ab

40 patients non-infected and non-colonized with Ab

(1) APACHE II score; (2) LOS in the ICU at least as long as that of the case before isolation of Ab; (3) age; (4) date of admission

Hospital: 7/13 (53.8%)

Hospital: 4/13 (30.8%)

0.23

23

Mean 23.8, SD 9.6

NR

NR

[17]

Colonization or infection with (89% MDR) Ab; trauma centre in USA. Most patients were in ICUs

102 patients (33 infected, 69 colonized) with Ab

102 controls without Ab

(1) Primary diagnosis (computerized codes); (2) same period

Hospital: 14/33 (42%)

NR

NA

NA

Mean 51.33, SD 6.79

Mean 19.00, SD 5.90

< 0.001