Table 1 Interventions to improve hemostasis in trauma care

Early, prehospital interventions

Control overt hemorrhage

   Direct pressure

   Pressure dressing

   Tourniquet

Diagnose and treat occult hemorrhage

   Stabilization of pelvis and long bone fractures

Keep patient warm

Resuscitative phase

Warmed intravenous fluids

Hypotensive resuscitation prior to surgical control of hemorrhage

Appropriate transfusion of blood and blood products

Operative phase

Surgical control of life-threatening hemorrhage

Damage control operations for critically ill patients

Appropriate transfusion of blood and blood products

Critical care phase

Effective resuscitation

   End-points of tissue perfusion

Physiologic support to prevent coagulopathy