Figure 3

Changes in the alveolar–arterial oxygen (A-a O2) gradient in six lambs subjected to continued conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) support and four lambs subjected to arteriovenous (AV)-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy with a maximum shunt flow of 15%, up to 6 hours after establishment of acute lung injury (ALI). A-a O2 after ALI was consistently higher with AV-ECMO therapy than with CMV support. These differences became statistically significant at 4–6 hours, indicating higher deterioration in lung performance in the AV-ECMO group (repeated measures of analysis of variance followed by Dunnett multiple comparisons test, using the postinjury baseline in each group as controls).