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Table 5 Exposure to opioids and sedatives

From: Safety and efficacy of analgesia-based sedation with remifentanil versus standard hypnotic-based regimens in intensive care unit patients with brain injuries: a randomised, controlled trial [ISRCTN50308308]

Parameter

Remifentanil (n = 84)

Fentanyl (n = 37)

Morphine (n = 40)

Opioid

   

   Median duration of opioid infusion, h (range)

47.3 (3.8–120)

35.2 (0.2–120)

40.9 (4.5–120)

   Median weighted mean opioid infusion rate: remifentanil and fentanyl, μg kg-1 h-1; morphine, mg kg-1 h-1 (range)

15.4 (3.0–38.2)

3.6 (0.1–7.9)

0.1 (0.0–6.8)

Propofol

   

   Number of patients who received a propofol infusion

76 (90%)

37 (100%)

37 (93%)

   Median duration of propofol infusion, h (range)

24.3 (0.0–118)

24.5 (0.0–119.4)

41.7 (0.7–115.3)

   Median weighted mean propofol infusion rate, mg kg-1 h-1 (range)

1.93 (0.2–68.8)

2.49 (0.5–11.5)

2.30 (0.3–18.1)

Midazolam

   

   Number of patients who received a midazolam infusion

30 (36%)

11 (30%)

12 (30%)

   Median duration of midazolam infusion, h (range)

47.3 (0–117.1)

48.1 (2.3–112.1)

22.4 (1.8–101.4)

   Median weighted mean midazolam infusion rate, mg kg-1 h-1 (range)

0.18 (0–17)

0.11 (0–2.3)

0.13 (0.1–0.5)