Anti-inflammatory effect | Details |
---|---|
Proinflammatory cytokine production | Inhibition of IL-2, IL-3, IL-4(?), IL-5, IFN-γ, GM-CSF synthesis by T lymphocytes |
Inhibition of IL-1, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, MIF synthesis by macrophages/monocytes | |
Inhibition of IL-8 synthesis by neutrophils | |
Anti-inflammatory cytokine production | Increase in IL-10, TGF-β, IL-1 receptor antagonist synthesis |
Inflammatory cell migration | Inhibition of chemokine production (MCP-1, IL-8, MIP-1α) |
Stimulation of MIF and lipocortine-1 production by macrophages | |
Inflammation mediator expression | Inhibition of soluble PLA2, inducible COX-2 and inducible NOS synthesis |
Cell membrane markers expression | Inhibition of CD14 expression on macrophages/monocytes |
Inhibition of adhesion molecule expression (ICAM-1, ECAM-1, LFA-1, CD2) on endothelial cells | |
Apoptosis | Activation of eosinophils and mature T lymphocyte apoptosis |