Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the three groups
Characteristic | Acute renal failure group | Matched controls | Intensive care unit controls | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 59.5 ± 16.9 | 63.4 ± 17.0 | 61.2 ± 18.8 | 0.04 |
Sex (male/female) | 26/14 | 20/20 | 35/25 | Not significant |
APACHE II score | 21.5 ± 6.3 | 21.4 ± 6.2 | 18.4 ± 6.9 | < 0.05 |
Serum urea concentration (mmol/l) | 24.6 ± 16.4 | 8.8 ± 6.0 | 8.9 ± 5.9 | < 0.0001 |
Serum creatinine concentration (μmol/l) | 314.9 ± 250.0 | 110.6 ± 70.2 | 128.9 ± 91.0 | < 0.0001 |
Intensive care unit mortality (%) | 28 | 30 | 18 | Not significant |
Intensive care unit diagnosis | ||||
Severe sepsis/septic shock (nonpulmonary) | 8 | 8 | 4 | Not significant |
Bacterial or viral pneumonia | 2 | 11 | 6 | 0.0075 |
Dissecting/ruptured aorta | 1 | 0 | 1 | Not significant |
Cardiogenic shock | 3 | 7 | 3 | Not significant |
Open heart surgery | 4 | 0 | 4 | Not significant |
Metabolic coma and/or hepatic failure | 8 | 3 | 4 | Not significant |
Abdominal aortic aneurysm repair | 1 | 0 | 1 | Not significant |
Multitrauma | 0 | 1 | 5 | Not significant |
Perforated viscous | 2 | 1 | 2 | Not significant |
Infarcted gut | 1 | 0 | 3 | Not significant |
Gastrointestinal bleeding | 0 | 4 | 1 | Not significant |
Neurological disease | 1 | 3 | 11 | 0.03 |
Liver transplantation | 5 | 0 | 3 | Not significant |
Other (chronic obstructive lung disease, drug overdose) | 4 | 2 | 12 | Not significant |
Total patient number | 40 | 40 | 60 |