From: Best pain management for critical older patients in the surgical ICU
 | Demerol/NSAID (n =449) | PCA (n =62) | PCEA (n =69) | Pvalue |
---|---|---|---|---|
VAS (rest) | 21 ± 14 * | 19 ± 9* | 12 ± 10 | <0.001 |
VAS (movement) | 35 ± 20 | 41 ± 12* | 33 ± 11 | 0.02 |
VAS (coughing) | 40 ± 24* | 58 ± 14 | 51 ± 14 | <0.001 |