Factors influencing lengths of stay in the intensive care unit for surviving trauma patients: a retrospective analysis of 30,157 cases

Böhmer, Andreas B; Just, Katja S; Lefering, Rolf; Paffrath, Thomas; Bouillon, Bertil; Joppich, Robin; Wappler, Frank; Gerbershagen, Mark U

doi:10.1186/cc13976

Critical Care

Table 4 Results of univariate analysis ^a

From: Factors influencing lengths of stay in the intensive care unit for surviving trauma patients: a retrospective analysis of 30,157 cases

Parameter	Valid cases^b(n)	Number of cases^c	Percentage of cases (%)	ICU LOS ± SD; ME (days)
Age
80+	30,157	1,345	4.5	11.2 ± 12.6; 6
70 to 79		2,505	8.3	14.0 ± 14.2; 9
60 to 69		3,076	10.2	13.0 ± 13.2; 8
50 to 59		4,110	13.6	12.1 ± 12.7; 7
16 to 49		18,025	59.8	11.0 ± 11.2; 6
6 to 15		1,097	3.6	8.1 ± 8.5; 4
Gender
Male	29,961	22,077	73.7	11.6 ± 12.1; 7
Female		7,884	26.3	10.7 ± 11.5; 6
ASA score
≥3	28,921	6,150	21.3	13.2 ± 13.3; 9
<3		22,771	78.7	11.0 ± 11.5; 6
Treatment year
2007 to 2011	30,157	20,536	68.1	11.1 ± 11.7; 6
2002 to 2006		9,626	31.9	12.1 ± 12.4; 8
High energy
Yes	22,050	14,607	66.2	12.8 ± 12.3; 8
No		7,443	33.8	12.2 ± 12.6; 7
AIS head
≥3	30,157	12,894	42.8	14.5 ± 12.9; 11
<3		17,264	57.2	9.2 ± 10.6; 5
AIS thorax
≥3	30,157	14,164	47.0	13.9 ± 12.9; 10
<3		15,994	53.0	9.4 ± 10.6; 5
AIS abdomen
≥3	30,157	4,772	15.8	14.8 ± 14.1; 10
<3		25,386	84.2	10.9 ± 11.4; 6
AIS extremities
≥3	30,157	9,846	32.6	13.2 ± 13.2; 9
<3		20,312	67.4	10.6 ± 11.2; 6
Initial GCS
≤8	28,272	6,573	23.2	17.6 ± 13.5; 15
>8		21,699	76.8	9.7 ± 10.8; 5
Hematological disturbance
Yes	27,566	6,673	24.2	16.0 ± 14.1; 12
No		20,893	75.8	10.2 ± 10.9; 6
Transfusion
≥10	30,157	1,167	3.9	23.9 ± 16.4; 21
<10		4,754	15.8	16.3 ± 13.4; 13
No		24,241	80.4	9.9 ± 10.7; 5
Invasive ventilation
Yes	30,157	20,961	69.5	14.5 ± 12.9; 11
No		9,201	30.5	4.6 ± 4.7; 3
Conservative treatment
Yes	22,772	184	0.8	14.1 ± 13.1; 10
No		22,588	99.2	12.5 ± 12.4; 8
Damage control surgery
Yes	30,157	9,116	30.2	14.1 ± 13.2; 10
No		21,046	69.8	10.4 ± 11.2; 6
Number of operations
≥5	22,772	7,058	31.0	17.0 ± 14.5; 13
<5		15,714	69.0	10.6 ± 10.8; 6
Sepsis
Yes	28,237	2,271	8.0	27.5 ± 15.7; 25
No		25,966	92.0	10.0 ± 10.4; 6
Multi-organ failure
Yes	27,996	6,007	21.5	22.1 ± 14.6; 19
No		21,990	78.5	8.6 ± 9.3; 5
OF respiratory
Yes	27,996	5,513	19.7	22.0 ± 14.7; 19
No		22,483	80.3	8.9 ± 9.3; 5
OF cardiovascular
Yes	27,996	6,236	22.3	20.1 ± 14.4; 17
No		21,760	77.7	9.0 ± 10.0; 5
OF CNS
Yes	27,996	5,009	17.9	19.9 ± 14.0; 17
No		22,987	82.1	9.7 ± 10.7; 5
OF coagulation
Yes	27,996	2,083	7.4	21.5 ± 16.4; 18
No		25,913	92.6	10.7 ± 11.2; 6
OF liver
Yes	27,996	481	1.7	29.2 ± 17.9; 25
No		27,515	98.3	11.2 ± 11.6; 7
OF kidneys
Yes	27,996	708	2.5	30.6 ± 20.1; 27
No		27,288	97.5	11.0 ± 11.3; 6

^aFormal statistical testing with Mann-Whitney-U-test: all tested parameters had significant influence on ICU LOS (p <0.05). ^bNumber of cases with information on specific parameter available. ^cNumber of cases in specific category. AIS, Abbreviated Injury Score; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; CNS, central nervous system; GCS, Glasgow Coma Score; ICU LOS, mean intensive care unit length of stay in days; ME, median; OF, organ failure; SD, standard deviation.

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