Figure 4

Free fatty acids in plasma after infusion of lipid emulsions in experimental ARDS. A. Mice receiving LCT/MCT/FO displayed significantly elevated EPA levels 4 h after LPS stimulation as compared to NaCl, LCT and LCT/MCT (*, P <0.05) and to EPA levels at other time points ($, P <0.05). EPA concentrations in the NaCl group were the lowest 4 h after induction of ARDS compared 0 h and 24 h (§, P <0.05) and after 24 h the highest compared to all time points (%, P <0.05). B. A total of 4 h after induction of ARDS, the highest DHA levels were measured in the LCT/MCT/FO group (*, P <0.05) compared to all time points and to animals receiving LCT and LCT/MCT ($, P <0.05). Highest DHA levels in the NaCl group (§, P <0.05) and LCT/MCT group (%, P <0.05) could be detected after 4 h of LPS stimulation. C. Mice infused with LCT had significantly higher LOA levels at baseline compared to NaCl and LCT/MCT/FO (*, P <0.05) After 4 h and 24 h, LOA concentrations in mice receiving LCT were the highest compared to the other treatment groups (**, P <0.05). D. A total of 24 h after LPS challenge, AA concentrations in animals infused with LCT were significantly higher than in the LCT/MCT/FO group ($, P <0.05). E. After 4 h, LCT-infused mice had significantly elevated OA concentrations as compared to NaCl, LCT/MCT and LCT/MCT/FO (*, P <0.05). Data are given as mean ± SEM (n = 6 to 8 independent experiments each). AA, arachidonic acid; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; DHA, docosahexaenoic acid; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid; FO, fish oil; LCT, pure long-chain triglycerides; LOA, linoleic acid; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; MCT, medium-chain triglycerides; OA, oleic acid.