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Table 2 Multivariable analysis of early (seven-day) mortality

From: Guideline-concordant administration of prothrombin complex concentrate and vitamin K is associated with decreased mortality in patients with severe bleeding under vitamin K antagonist treatment (EPAHK study)

Variable

All patients (N = 822)

ICH (N = 262)

N

OR (95% CI)

P

N

OR (95% CI)

P

Type of hemorrhage

822

     

  “Other”*

189

1.0

  Gastrointestinal

264

0.61 (0.22 to 1.70)

NS

  Deep-muscle

107

0.51 (0.14 to 1.93)

NS

  ICH

262

5.05 (1.97 to 12.94)

<0.001

Age (years)

822

  

262

  

  ≤65 years

129

1.0

 

34

1.0

  66 to 75

144

1.01 (0.35 to 2.93)

NS

47

2.32 (0.57 to 9.47)

NS

  76 to 85

368

1.67 (0.68 to 4.10)

NS

122

2.71 (0.78 to 9.34)

NS

  >85

181

2.21 (0.84 to 5.77)

NS

59

3.79 (1.01 to 14.26)

0.049

Admission INR

822

  

262

  

  ≤1.5

45

1.0

 

17

1.0

 

  No INR

38

0.76 (0.12 to 4.71)

NS

13

1.01 (0.11 to 9.71)

NS

  >1.5 to 4

394

1.12 (0.33 to 3.80)

NS

162

1.40 (0.32 to 6.19)

NS

  >4

345

1.36 (0.38 to 4.87)

NS

70

1.56 (0.31 to 7.81)

NS

GCS score

813

  

261

  

  >13

684

1.0

 

149

1.0

  9 to 13

65

3.67 (1.80 to 7.51)

<0.001

51

4.23 (1.87 to 9.53)

<.001

  ≤8

64

30.35 (13.43 to 68.61)

<0.001

61

39.81 (15.70 to 100.91)

<.001

SAP

819

  

262

  

  90 to 140 mmHg

411

1.0

 

64

1.0

 

  <90 mmHg

74

7.91 (3.06 to 20.44)

<0.001

3

0.67 (0.01 to 33.01)

NS

  >140 mmHg

334

1.15 (0.58 to 2.28)

NS

195

1.29 (0.55 to 3.06)

NS

VKA reversal

822

  

262

  

Guideline concordant

313

1.0

0.011

116

1.0

.002

Not guideline-concordant

509

2.15 (1.20 to 3.88)

 

146

3.23 (1.53 to 6.79)

 
  

Hosmer–Lemeshow Goodness-of-Fit Test: Pr >χ2 = 0.99

 

Hosmer–Lemeshow Goodness-of-Fit Test: Pr >χ2 = 0.52

c-statistic = 0.89

c-statistic = 0.86

  1. CI, confidence interval; ICH, intracranial hemorrhage; GCS, Glasgow coma scale; NS, not statistically significant; OR, odds ratio; SAP, systolic arterial blood pressure; trt: treatment.
  2. *“Other” types include hemopericardium (N = 1), hemothorax (N = 15), vascular bound (N = 4), emergency procedures (N = 126) and shock or red blood cell transfusion for epistaxis (N = 55), hematuria (N = 34) or a wound of the scalp (N = 4).