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Table 1 Patient demographics

From: Do heart and respiratory rate variability improve prediction of extubation outcomes in critically ill patients?

 

Passed extubation

Failed extubation

P value*

 

(N = 383)^

(N = 51)^

 

Gender:

   

  Males, n (%)

186 (48.6)

29 (56.7)

0.27

  Females, n (%)

191 (49.9)

21 (41.2)

0.24

Age (95% CI)

63 (61, 64)

65 (58, 69)

0.86

APACHE II score (95% CI)

19 (19, 20)

20 (18, 23)

0.21

Level of sedationx (95% CI)

0 (0, 0)

0 (−1, 0)

0.78

ICU admission diagnoses

   

  Cardiovascular, n (%)

112 (25.4)

12 (20.0)

0.40

  Respiratory, n (%)

87 (19.7)

18 (30.0)

0.05

  Infections, n (%)

62 (14.1)

10 (16.7)

0.54

  Gastrointestinal, n (%)

34 (7.7)

3 (5.0)

-

  Surgery, n (%)

33 (7.5)

3 (5.0)

-

  Head, n (%)

36 (8.2)

1 (1.7)

-

  Renal, n (%)

18 (4.1)

2 (3.3)

-

  Trauma, n (%)

8 (1.8)

1 (1.7)

-

  Overdose, n (%)

9 (2.0)

1 (1.7)

-

  Pancreatitis, n (%)

3 (0.7)

1 (1.7)

-

  Hepatobiliar, n (%)

5 (1.1)

0 (0.0)

-

  Other, n (%)

34 (7.7)

8 (13.3)

0.12

Comorbidities+:

   

  None, n (%)

237 (61.9)

28 (54.9)

0.34

  Lung, n (%)

90 (23.5)

15 (29.4)

0.35

  Heart, n (%)

81 (21.1)

13 (25.5)

0.48

  Both, n (%)

25 (6.5)

5 (9.8)

0.39

Ventilation settings pre-SBT:

   

  PEEP (95% CI) (cm H2O)

10 (8 10)

8 (8 10)

0.90

  PS (95% CI) (cm H2O)

10 (10 10)

10 (10 10)

0.14

  FiO2, (95% CI)

30 (30 30)

30 (30 30)

0.04

Ventilation settings during SBT:

   

  PEEP (95% CI) (cm H2O)

5 (5 5)

5 (5 5)

0.46

  PS (95% CI) (cm H2O)

5 (5 5)

5 (5 5)

0.01

  FiO2, (95% CI)

30 (30 30)

30 (30 30)

0.11

Perceived risk of failure:

   

  N/A, n (%)

53 (13.8)

7 (13.7)

0.98

  Low, n (%)

117 (30.5)

6 (11.7)

0.005

  Average, n (%)

180 (47.0)

26 (51.1)

0.59

  High, n (%)

33 (8.7)

12 (23.5)

0.001

Respiratory rate: [breaths/min]

   

  Pre-SBT (95% CI)

16.0 (16.0, 18.0)

18.0 (15.0, 22.0)

0.09

  During SBT (95% CI)

18.4 (17.9, 19.0)

21.7 (18.7, 25.0)

0.005

RSBI: [breaths/min/L]

   

  Pre-SBT (95% CI)

34.1 (31.8, 36.4)

40.0 (32.5, 50.0)

0.16

  During SBT (95% CI)

42.7 (39.3, 45.6)

46.6 (40.0, 67.5)

0.005

  1. Low, average and high-risk categories were based on clinical impression. ^There is a maximum amount of 2% of missing values in each category, due to clinical data not recorded (for example males and females in the failed population add up to 50, instead of 51); *comparison between passed and failed using Wilcoxon rank-sum test to compare the medians, or chi-square test to compare the proportions (no P value was provided for those variables with less than five samples); xcomputed through Richmond agitation-sedation scale (RASS) score; +heart comorbidities are coronary artery bypass graft, dilated cardiomyopathy, congestive heart failure, and coronary artery disease; lung comorbidities are pulmonary fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma; ‘None’ corresponds to no lung or heart comorbidities. APACHE II, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II; ICU, intensive care unit; SBT, spontaneous breathing trial; PEEP, positive end-expiratory pressure; PS, pressure support; FiO2, fraction of inspired oxygen.
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Critical Care

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