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Table 1 Short-term and longer-term effects of corticosteroids on mortality

From: Exploring the heterogeneity of effects of corticosteroids on acute respiratory distress syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Mortality endpoints

Number of

Relative risk

Risk difference

Studies

Patients

Effect size (95% CI)

I2

Effect size (95% CI)

I2

Randomized controlled trials a

      

 ICU mortality

3

292

0.55 (0.24 to 1.25)

75%

−0.28 (−0.53 to −0.03)*

76%

 Hospital mortality

2

201

0.49 (0.12 to 2.07)

77%

−0.26 (−0.65 to 0.13)

75%

 60-day mortality

2

279

0.97 (0.75 to 1.26)

0%

−0.01 (−0.12 to 0.10)

0%

Cohort studies

      

 ICU mortality

5

226

1.05 (0.74 to 1.49)

1%

Not calculable

-

 Hospital mortality

4

317

1.00 (0.23 to 4.34)

75%

Not calculable

-

 60-day mortality

2

264

1.30 (0.96 to 1.78)

0%

Not calculable

-

  1. aTrials testing preventive therapy of corticosteroids for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) were excluded. Some studies provided data on both short-term and longer-term mortality. For cohort studies, only pooled relative risk was provided because adjusted results were needed for data pooling *P-value <0.05.