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Figure 4 | Critical Care

Figure 4

From: Volume replacement with Ringer-lactate is detrimental in severe hemorrhagic shock but protective in moderate hemorrhagic shock: studies in a rat model

Figure 4

Effects of Ringer-saline (RS) and Ringer-lactate (RL) on blood lactate and glucose concentration after shock. Rats were subjected to moderate or severe hemorrhage (shock induction: dark gray; shock phase: light gray), resuscitated (dark gray) with either Ringer-saline (RS) or Ringer-lactate (RL), and observed until the end of the experiment or until the first of the animals of the comparison groups died. Blood gas analysis was performed at distinct time points, with T = 280 minutes representing the last possible point of comparison. Blood lactate (A) and glucose concentrations (B) were measured at the indicated time points. Values are presented as the means ± SEM (n = 8 animals per shock group, n = 6 sham group animals). SEM values that are not visible are located behind the symbols. One-way repeated-measures ANOVA and Fisher’s Least Significant Difference (LSD) post-hoc test were performed. # P <0.05 (vs. severe shock groups); ‡ P <0.05 (vs. moderate shock/RS group).

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