Characteristics | Infection only | Heart failure only | Infection complicated by congestive heart failure | Healthy controls |
---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 1,703) | (n = 1,364) | (n = 1,183) | (n = 448) | |
Physical examination | ||||
Age (mean ± SD) | 51.1 ± 10.3 | 57.9 ± 14.7 | 58.5 ± 11.4 | 57.1 ± 18.3 |
Males (%) | 51.7 | 48.3 | 49.4 | 50.0 |
Hypertension (%) | 3.9 | 30.8 | 11.7 | 0 |
Chest pain (%) | 2.4 | 33.7 | 18.6 | 0 |
Orthopnea (%) | 0 | 13.9 | 29.7 | 0 |
Cough (%) | 41.6 | 7.8 | 23.3 | 0 |
Fever (%) | 84.6 | 0.4 | 77.1 | 0 |
Laboratory tests | ||||
GFR (ml/min/1.73 m2), mean ± SD | 71.7 ± 14.3 | 61.4 ± 18.2 | 64.1 ± 17.7 | 98.4 ± 5.5 |
WBC count (109/L) | 17.3 ± 9.7 | 7.4 ± 2.1 | 15.7 ± 8.0 | 7.8 ± 1.3 |
CRP (mg/L) | 33.7 ± 19.6 | 11.7 ± 6.8 | 39.1 ± 18.4 | 4.7 ± 2.5 |
Positive blood culture (%) | 39.3 | 0 | 22.7 | 0 |
Positive secretion/hydrothorax culture (%) | 60.7 | 0 | 77.3 | 0 |
NT-proBNP, mean ± SD | 196 ± 127 | 8,946 ± 4,969 | 5,116 ± 3,777 | 45 ± 11 |
IL-6, mean ± SD | 21.3 ± 15.1 | 7.3 ± 3.5 | 19.4 ± 11.9 | 2.6 ± 0.9 |