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Figure 2 | Critical Care

Figure 2

From: Inhibition of the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha with etanercept provides protection against lethal H1N1 influenza infection in mice

Figure 2

Etanercept reduced inflammatory cells infiltration and dampened the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. On days 2 and 4 after infection, mice were euthanized, and the lungs were harvested to be homogenized individually and assayed for the following. (A) Inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6) were analyzed with ELISA. (B through G) Major immune cells (macrophage/monocytes, neutrophils, NK cells, B cells, CD4+ Th cells, and CD8+ Tc cells) were analyzed with flow cell cytometry. Four samples were picked up from mice per group each time for assaying, and three replicated experiments were conducted. Data are presented as mean ± SD. #P ≤ 0.05 compared with saline recipients.

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Critical Care

ISSN: 1364-8535