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Table 5 Differences in preoperative data between AKI subgroups based on RIFLE classification

From: Influence of acute kidney injury on short- and long-term outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: risk factors and prognostic value of a modified RIFLE classification

 

AKI patients

RIFLE risk

RIFLE injury

RIFLE failure

P- value

 

(n = 409)

(n = 226; 55.2%)

(n = 87; 21.3%)

(n = 96; 23.5%)

 

Sex (male)

61.1% (250)

58.8% (133)

57.5% (50)

69.8% (67)

0.12

Sex (female)

38.9% (159)

41.2% (93)

42.5% (37)

30.2% (29)

0.13

Age (years)

67.7 ± 9.8

67.3 ± 10.0

68.1 ± 10.4

68.1 ± 8.9

0.68

Hypertension

67.5% (276)

62.8% (142)

69.0% (60)

77.1% (74)

0.042

Dyslipidemia

44.9% (183)

39.4% (89)

46.0% (40)

56.3% (54)

0.02

Diabetes mellitus

10.0% (41)

7.5% (17)

17.2% (15)

9.4% (9)

0.036

BMI (kg · m-2)

27.9 ± 4.4

27.8 ± 4.3

28.2 ± 4.1

27.9 ± 5.3

0.77

Peripheral vascular disease

15.4% (63)

13.3% (30)

14.9% (13)

20.8% (20)

0.22

sCr before surgery (mmol · L-1)

101 ± 56

86 ± 31

91 ± 30

115 ± 48

<0.001

Previous stroke

8.3% (34)

7.5% (17)

10.3% (9)

8.3% (8)

0.72

COPD

14.7% (60)

14.2% (32)

17.2% (15)

13.5% (13)

0.74

Active smokers

13.7% (56)

10.2% (23)

19.5% (17)

16.6% (16)

0.43

Previous atrial fibrillation

32.8% (134)

31.4% (71)

31.0% (27)

37.5% (36)

0.61

Previous myocardial infarction

12.2% (50)

11.5% (26)

13.8% (12)

12.5% (12)

0.85

Recent myocardial infarction

11.5% (47)

8.8% (20)

14.9% (13)

14.6% (14)

0.17

NYHA class III-IV

14.9% (61)

15.1% (34)

14.9% (13)

14.6% (14)

0.82

On B-blockers

35.9% (147)

35.4% (80)

41.4% (36)

32.3% (31)

0.42

On statins

32.8% (134)

29.2% (66)

39.1% (34)

35.4% (34)

0.21

On aspirin

36.7% (150)

34.1% (77)

41.4% (36)

38.5% (37)

0.44

On diuretics

57.0% (233)

52.7% (119)

63.2% (55)

61.5% (59)

0.14

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

29.3% (120)

27.8% (63)

27.5% (24)

34.3% (33)

0.37

Dilated cardiomyopathy

22.5% (92)

20.8% (47)

25.3% (22)

23.9% (23)

0.65

LVEF (%)

60.0 ± 12.2

60.8 ± 11.7

58.7 ± 13.7

60.7 ± 11.8

0.41

PAP (mmHg)

48.0 ± 17.0

46.4 ± 16.9

51.9 ± 16.7

52.0 ± 16.9

0.07

Hemoglobin before surgery (g · dL-1)

12.4 ± 1.9

12.7 ± 1.8

12.2 ± 1.8

12.1 ± 2.1

0.009

Platelet count before surgery (1 · nL-1)

206 ± 76

206 ± 77

206 ± 75

205 ± 73

0.98

EuroSCORE

7.7 ± 3.5

7.1 ± 3.0

7.9 ± 3.6

8.8 ± 4.0

0.028

Parsonnet score

14.5 ± 9.3

13.1 ± 7.7

14.3 ± 7.8

18.5 ± 12.8

<0.001

Past cardiac surgery

15.6% (64)

17.3% (39)

11.5% (10)

15.6% (15)

0.45

  1. AKI, Acute Kidney Injury; BMI, Body Mass Index; COPD, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; LVEF, Left ventricular ejection fraction; NYHA, New York Heart Association classification; PAP, Pulmonary arterial pressure; sCr, serum creatinine. Data are mean ± standard deviation or percentage.
  2. Boldface data are statistically significant (P <0.05).