Table 1 Comparison of survivors and non-survivors
Variables | All patients (n = 479) | Survivors (n = 437) | Non-survivors (n = 42) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 64.0 (51.0 to 74.0) | 63.0 (51.0 to 74.0) | 67.0 (46.0 to 77.0) | 0.459 |
Male gender (%) | 51.1 | 49.4 | 62.9 | 0.047 |
SAPS 3 | 41.8 ± 14.5 | 40.6 ± 14.2 | 53.8 ± 12.3 | <0.001 |
ASA (%) | ||||
I | 13.4 | 13.5 | 11.9 | 0.96 |
II | 52.8 | 55.8 | 21.4 | <0.001 |
III | 27.8 | 26.3 | 42.9 | 0.047 |
Pre-operative time fasting (h) | 15.5 (10.2 to 18) | 16 (10.2 to 18) | 14.6 (10 to 17.5) | 0.43 |
Kind of surgery | ||||
Gastrointestinal surgery (%) | 34.3 | 34.4 | 32.5 | 0.94 |
Vascular surgery (%) | 14.5 | 13.5 | 25.0 | 0.07 |
Orthopaedic surgery (%) | 12.8 | 13.8 | 2.5 | 0.06 |
Others* (%) | 38.4 | 38.3 | 40.0 | 0.96 |
Anesthesia (%) | 0.432 | |||
General | 55.5 | 55.5 | 56.0 | |
Neuroaxis | 31.8 | 32.5 | 24.0 | |
General + Neuroaxis | 12.7 | 12.0 | 20.0 | |
Surgery time (hours) | 4.0 (3.2 to 5.5) | 4.0 (3.0 to 5.5) | 4.0 (3.3 to 6.0) | 0.76 |
Elective surgery (%) | 95.5 | 94.9 | 94.1 | 0.887 |
Crystalloid intraoperatively (mL) | 3,500.0 (2,000.0 to 6,500.0) | 3,500.0 (2,000.0 to 6,500.0) | 4,500.0 (2,375.0 to 8,250.0) | 0.11 |
Colloid intraoperatively (mL) | 500.0 (500.0 to 1,000.0) | 500.0 (250.0 to 500.0) | 500.0 (500.0 to 1,000.0) | 0.10 |
Fluid balance intraoperatively (ml) | 1,400.0 (1,000.0 to 2,000.0) | 1,400.0 (1,000.0 to 1,600.0) | 1,950.0 (1,400.0 to 3,400.0) | <0.001 |
Transfusion requirements intraoperatively (%) | 24.8 | 23.1 | 43.2 | 0.007 |
Need for vasopressors intraoperatively (%) | 56.6 | 54.5 | 78.4 | 0.005 |
Lactate at end of surgery (mmol/L) | 2.4 ± 1.6 | 2.4 ± 1.6 | 2.6 ± 1.5 | 0.459 |