Effect of erythropoietin on the incidence of acute kidney injury following complex valvular heart surgery: a double blind, randomized clinical trial of efficacy and safety

Table 1 Patients’ demographics and preoperative clinical data

Variable	Control (number = 49)	EPO (number = 49)	P value
Age (years)	62 ± 10	63 ± 10	0.880
Female	24 (49)	20 (41)	0.417
BMI (kg/m²)	24 ± 4	24 ± 3	0.528
Operation
MVR + TAP	6 (12)	8 (16)	0.564
Multi valve	22 (45)	20 (41)	0.683
Valve + CABG	8 (16)	7 (14)	0.779
Bentall	13 (27)	14 (29)	0.821
Redo	6 (12)	4 (8)	0.505
NYHA
I-II	42 (86)	43 (88)	0.766
III-IV	7 (14)	6 (12)
EuroSCORE	5.1 ± 2.6	5.7 ± 2.5	0.299
DM	8 (16)	16 (33)	0.060
Hypertension	24 (49)	27 (55)	0.544
Chronic kidney disease	14 (29)	10 (20)	0.347
Chronic obstructive lung disease	2 (4)	0 (0)	0.495
Ejection fraction (%)	60 ± 13	60 ± 12	0.798
Preoperative eGFR	77 ± 30	83 ± 28	0.378
Preoperative CrCl <60 ml/min	21 (43)	17 (35)	0.407
Medication
β-blockers	18 (38)	14 (29)	0.350
CCB	17 (35)	13 (27)	0.344
ACEi	17 (35)	12 (25)	0.240
ARB	16 (33)	13 (27)	0.464
Diuretics	28 (58)	28 (57)	0.906
Preoperative hematocrit (%)	38 ± 6	39 ± 4	0.375

Values are mean ± SD or number of patients (%). ACEi, angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blockers; BMI, body mass index; CCB, calcium channel blockers; CrCl, creatinine clearance; DM, diabetes mellitus; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; EPO, erythropoietin; Multi valve, more than two valve replacement; MVR, mitral valve replacement; NYHA, New York Heart Association Functional Classification; TAP, tricuspid annuloplasty; Valve + CABG, valvular replacement with coronary artery bypass grafting.

ISSN: 1364-8535