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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study patients a

From: Termination-of-resuscitation rule for emergency department physicians treating out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients: an observational cohort study

Characteristics

All patients

Development group, 2005 to 2008

Validation group, 2009

P- value

 

(N= 495,607, 100%)

(n= 390,577, 78.8%)

(n= 105,030, 21.2%)

 

Age, years

76 (64 to 84)

76 (64 to 84)

77 (65 to 85)

<0.0001

Males

290,712 (58.7%)

229,822 (58.8%)

60,890 (58.0%)

<0.0001

Witnessed cardiac arrest

188,471 (38.0%)

147,997 (37.9%)

40,474 (38.5%)

<0.0001

Cardiac arrest witnessed by EMS personnel

22,722 (4.6%)

17,514 (4.5%)

5,208 (5.0%)

<0.0001

Bystander CPR

202,827 (40.9%)

151,712 (38.8%)

51,115 (48.7%)

<0.0001

Presumed cardiac etiology

276,183 (55.7%)

216,242 (55.4%)

59,941 (57.0%)

<0.0001

Shockable initial cardiac rhythm

38,388 (7.75%)

30,154 (7.7%)

8,234 (7.8%)

0.1992

Prehospital AED administration

53,427 (10.8%)

42,216 (10.8%)

11,211 (10.7%)

0.212

Call-to-response time, minutes

9 (7 to 11)

6 (5 to 9)

7 (5 to 9)

<0.0001

Call-to-hospital arrival time, minutes

29 (23 to 36)

29 (23 to 36)

30 (24 to 37)

<0.0001

Prehospital ROSC

25,254 (5.1%)

18,835 (4.8%)

6,419 (6.1%)

<0.0001

One-month outcome after cardiac arrest

Survival

19,453 (3.93%)

14,898 (3.81%)

4,555 (4.34%)

<0.0001

Favorable neurological outcome (CPC category 1 or 2)

8,391 (1.69%)

6,244 (1.60%)

2,147 (2.04%)

<0.0001

  1. aAED, automated external defibrillator; CPC, Cerebral Performance Category; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; EMS, emergency medical services; ROSC, return of spontaneous circulation. Values are reported as either number of patients (%) or medians (interquartile range [1st to 3rd quartiles]).