Table 1 Clinical and demographic characteristics of the study cohort comparing patients without versus those with AKI, as defined by RIFLE on the first day of admission

Gender male (%)

57.9

55.1

0.78

Age (years, mean/SD)

57.5 (16.0)

62.7 (14.2)

0.09

CKD on admission (MDRD <60 ml/min/1.73 m²) (%)

10.5

8.7

0.76

APACHE II score on the first day of admission

21 (10)

23 (9)

0.19

Positive fluid balance first 24 hours (mean/SD)

2.5 (2.1)

4.0 (2.3)

0.002

Use of diuretics on the first day of admission (%)

18.4

17.4

0.89

RRT need during ICU stay (%)

5.3

17.4

0.08

Vasopressor use (%)

42.1

68.1

0.009

Total dose of noradrenaline first 24 hours (μg/kg/min)

0.15 (0.25)

0.13 (0.20)

0.83

Maximum dose of noradrenaline during first 24 hours (μg/kg/min)

0.32 (0.44)

0.34 (0.51)

0.83

Need for ventilation during ICU stay (%)

47.4

59.4

0.23

LOS (days)

5 (9)

6 (12)

0.82

ICU mortality (%)

21.1

27.5

0.46

Mortality at 90 days (%)

26.3

36.2

0.30