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Table 6 Outcome measure mean change from first assessment and effect size a

From: Exercise rehabilitation for patients with critical illness: a randomized controlled trial with 12 months of follow-up

 

Usual care

Intervention

Difference

Outcome measure

Time point

n

Mean change

ES*

n

Mean change

ES

Difference

95% CI

ES**

6MWT (m)

3 months

49

184.25

1.67

47

247.93

3.59

63.67

14.17 to 113.18+

0.53

12 months

35

219.49

1.98

40

292.04

4.40

72.55

9.29 to 135.81+

0.54

TUG (s)

3 months

51

−23.37

0.55

50

−31.68

0.72

−8.31

−24.90 to 8.28

0.20

12 months

38

−19.52

0.47

44

−29.09

0.69

−9.57

−27.42 to 8.28

0.24

AQoL utility

3 months

53

−0.08

0.27

43

0.037

0.15

0.12

−0.03 to 0.26

0.33

12 months

48

−0.11

0.36

40

0.031

0.12

0.14

–-.03 to 0.31

0.36

SF-36v2 PF

3 months

45

−3.2

0.24

39

3.64

0.24

6.8

1.2 to 12.5+

0.53

12 months

35

0.39

0.03

33

3.88

0.27

3.5

−3.5 to 10.5

0.25

PCS

3 months

45

−2.26

0.19

38

3.33

0.26

5.6

0.09 to 11.1+

0.45

12 months

35

3.33

0.28

32

6.46

0.49

3.1

−3.2 to 9.5

0.25

MCS

3 months

44

3.12

0.24

38

5.56

0.41

2.4

−3.6 to 8.5

0.18

 

12 months

35

2.59

0.19

32

7.50

0.57

4.9

−2.7 to 12.5

0.32

  1. a6MWT, Six-Minute Walk Test distance (meters); AQoL, Assessment of Quality of Life Measure score; CI, confidence interval: +significant differences between groups occur when CI does not cross 0; ES, effect size; MCS, SF-36v2 Mental Component score; PCS, SF-36v2 Physical Component score; PF, SF-36v2 Physical Function domain; SF-36v2, Short Form 36 Health Survey, version 2; TUG, Timed Up and Go Test (seconds). *ES, effect size = mean change from first assessment/standard deviation at first assessment. A positive mean change reflects improvement at follow-up assessment relative to baseline (participants with missing assessments excluded). **ES, effect size = (intervention mean change – usual care mean change)/pooled standard deviation for change. A positive difference reflects intervention advantage in terms of overall improvement.