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Table 3 Etiologies of diffuse pulmonary infiltrates causing acute respiratory failure in cancer patients.

From: Etiologies, diagnostic strategies, and outcomes of diffuse pulmonary infiltrates causing acute respiratory failure in cancer patients: a retrospective observational study

Etiologies

Diagnostic probability (n= 214)

Hematologic (n = 115)

Solid (n = 99)

 

Total

Definite

Probable

Definite

Probable

Definite

Probable

Infectious etiologies

138 (64)

58 (27)

80 (37)

31 (27)

51 (44)

27 (27)

29 (29)

   Bacterial

63 (29)

28 (13)

35 (16)

14 (12)

15 (13)

14 (14)

20 (20)

   Viral

39 (18)

9 (4)

30 (14)

4 (3)

23 (20)

5 (5)

7 (7)

   Fungal

19 (9)

4 (2)

15 (7)

2 (2)

13 (11)

2 (2)

2 (2)

   P. jiroveci

14 (7)

14 (7)

0

10 (9)

0

4 (5)

0

   Tuberculosis

3 (1)

3 (1)

0

1 (1)

0

2 (2)

0

Non-infectious etiologies

49 (23)

24 (11)

25 (12)

10 (9)

8 (7)

14 (14)

17 (17)

   Metastasis

12 (6)

12 (6)

0

1 (1)

0

11 (11)

0

   Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage

8 (4)

8 (4)

0

6 (5)

0

2 (2)

0

   Cardiogenic pulmonary edema

10 (5)

3 (1)

7 (3)

2 (2)

5 (4)

1 (1)

2 (2)

   Drugs

13 (6)

0

13 (6)

0

2 (2)

0

11 (11)

   Othersa

6 (3)a

1 (0)

5 (2)

1 (1)

1 (1)

0

4 (4)

Total

187 (87)

82 (38)

105 (49)

41 (36)

59 (51)

42 (42)

46 (47)

  1. aRadiation pneumonitis (n = 3), lipiodol embolism with lung injury (n = 1), pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (n = 1), all-transretinoic-acid syndrome (n = 1).