Table 2 Nutritional outcomes reported
Study | Days of artificial nutrition | Determination of energy requirements | Reported nutritional intake such that data could be incorporated into meta-analysis? |
|---|---|---|---|
1. Montecalvo 1992 | Gastric 10.3 ± 10.0 d and Small intestine 10.4 ± 7.4 d | Inadequately described | Yes |
2. Kortbeek 1999 | Not reported | Harris-Benedict | No, did not report calories received but time to tolerate feeds for 24 consecutive hours |
3. Taylor 1999 | Control 11 days vs. Intervention 9 days (median). | Schofield | No, but intervention patients had a higher mean percentage of energy |
4. Kearns 2000 | Gastric 8 ± 1 days and Small intestine 9 ± 1 mean ± SEM | Calculated energy expenditure; calculation not specified | Yes |
5. Minard 2000 | Not reported | Weight-based | No, as day of commencing nutrition different |
6. Esparaza 2001 | Gastric 4.1 d Small intestine 3.6 d; (mean) | Harris Benedict | No, spread of data not reported |
7. Boivin 2001 | Not reported | Weight-based | No, data only in graphs and not described in text |
8. Day 2001 | Not reported | Harris-Benedict | Not included as data presented as percentage target per day. However, increased nutrient delivery was observed with gastric feeding on days 2 and 3 but not afterward. |
9. Davies 2002 | Gastric 8.2 d Small intestine 8.6 d; mean | Harris Benedict | No, data for calories delivered in first 48 hours, but not thereafter. |
10. Neumann 2002 | Gastric 6.5 ± 4.4 d Small intestine 5.3 ± 4.5 d Mean ± SD | Not described | No, but time to reach goal reported |
11. Montejo 2002 | Gastric 12 ± 10 d Small intestine 11 ± 8 d Mean ± SD | Not standardised but determined by each site investigator | Yes |
12. Hsu 2009 | Not reported | Ireton-Jones equation | Yes |
13. White 2009 | Gastric 3.92 (1.05 to 7.88) vs. small bowel 3.63 (1.89 to 6.92) days; median (IQR) | Weight based | No, reported as energy deficit with energy deficit less with gastric feeding |
14. Acosta-Escribano 2010 | Not reported | weight-based | Yes |
15. Davies 2012 | EN for a median of 8 (interquartile range 5 to 14) days. | Schofield | Yes |