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Table 1 Patient characteristics

From: The clinical usefulness of extravascular lung water and pulmonary vascular permeability index to diagnose and characterize pulmonary edema: a prospective multicenter study on the quantitative differential diagnostic definition for acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome

Variable

All (n= 266)

ALI/ARDS (n= 207)

Cardiogenic edema (n= 26)

Pleural effusion with atelectasis (n= 33)

Age (years)

67.3 ± 16.2

66.7 ± 16.8

70.0 ± 12.5

69.4 ± 14.3

Male

175 (65.3%)

134 (64.7%)

14 (53.8%)

27 (77.1%)

Height (cm)

159.8 ± 10.0

159.4 ± 10.0

157.8 ± 10.4

163.4 ± 9.3

Body weight (kg)

55.2 ± 10.6

54.8 ± 10.6

52.8 ± 11.1

59.2 ± 9.8

BSA (m2)

1.56 ± 0.20

1.55 ± 0.20

1.52 ± 0.21

1.64 ± 0.18

Body mass index

21.3 ± 1.8

21.3 ± 1.8

20.9 ± 1.9

22.0 ± 1.5

Heart rate (beats/minute)

102 ± 25

103 ± 22

95 ± 26

103 ± 37

MAP (mmHg)

77 ± 18

76 ± 17

80 ± 18

79 ± 20

Vasopressor

180 (70.7%)

148 (71.5%)*

10 (38.5%)##

22 (66.7%)

Sepsis

144 (54.1%)

128 (61.8%)*,#

4 (15.4%)

12 (36.3%)

APACHE II score (points)

22.7 ± 8.0

23.4 ± 8.1**

19.7 ± 6.5

20.7 ± 7.7

SOFA score (points)

10.4 ± 3.7

10.7 ± 3.6*

8.1 ± 3.9

10.3 ± 3.5

   Respiratory

1.2 ± 1.2

1.2 ± 1.3

0.77 ± 1.1

1.5 ± 0.9

   Coagulation

0.9 ± 1.2

0.9 ± 1.1

1.0 ± 1.5

0.9 ± 1.1

   Liver

2.3 ± 1.7

2.5 ± 1.6*

1.3 ± 1.6##

2.4 ± 1.7

   Cardiovascular

0.7 ± 1.0

0.7 ± 1.0

0.4 ± 0.8

0.8 ± 1.0

   Central nervous system

3.0 ± 0.8

3.1 ± 0.8*

2.8 ± 0.7

2.7 ± 0.7

   Renal

2.3 ± 1.4

2.4 ± 1.4

2.0 ± 1.3

2.0 ± 1.5

PEEP (cmH2O)

8.6 ± 4.5

8.7 ± 4.7

7.9 ± 4.2

8.9 ± 3.5

Plateau pressure (cmH2O)

22.1 ± 5.7

22.3 ± 5.6

20.6 ± 6.9

21.5 ± 5.2

PaO2/FIO2 ratio (mmHg)

155.3 ± 70.7

150.5 ± 70.9

166.7 ± 69.8

176.2 ± 67.5

Lung Injury Score (points)

2.3 ± 0.6

2.3 ± 0.6#

2.3 ± 0.6

1.8 ± 0.7

Ejection fraction (%)

55.1 ± 13.1*

56.4 ± 12.1*

46.8 ± 13.0

55.0 ± 17.0

Stroke volume variation (%)

15 ± 7

16 ± 7*

11 ± 6##

16 ± 7

Cardiac index (l/m2/minute)

3.4 ± 1.2

3.5 ± 1.3

3.0 ± 1.0

3.4 ± 1.2

ITBV (ml/m2)

1040 ± 303

1021 ± 257*

1312 ± 527##

948 ± 215

EVLWI (ml/kg)

16.8 ± 7.1

18.5 ± 6.8*,#

14.4 ± 4.0#

8.3 ± 2.1

PVPI

2.9 ± 1.4

3.2 ± 1.4*,#

2.0 ± 0.8

1.6 ± 0.5

Maximal EVLWI (ml/kg)

19.2 ± 8.5

21.2 ± 8.1*,#

16.4 ± 7.5#

9.4 ± 2.1

Maximal PVPI

3.4 ± 1.6

3.7 ± 1.6*,#

2.2 ± 1.2

1.9 ± 0.6

VFD within 28 days (days)

11.3 ± 10.3

9.8 ± 9.9*

20.3 ± 8.0##

13.1 ± 10.7

28-day mortality

99 (37.2%)

84 (40.6%)

7 (26.9%)

(24.2%)

  1. Data presented as mean ± standard deviation or n (%). Data on the day of enrollment were presented, except for maximal extravascular lung water index (EVLWI), and maximal pulmonary vascular permeability index (PVPI) during the 3-day study period. ALI/ARDS, acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome; APACHE, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; BSA, body surface area; ITBV, intrathoracic blood volume index; MAP, mean arterial pressure; PEEP, positive end-expiratory pressure; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; VFD, ventilator-free days. *P < 0.01 vs. cardiogenic edema, **P < 0.05 vs. cardiogenic edema, #P < 0.01 vs. pleural effusion with atelectasis, ##P < 0.05 vs. pleural effusion with atelectasis.
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