Table 2 Summary of the clinical studies
From: Clinical review: Helmet and non-invasive mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients
Source | Study design | Inclusion criteria | Enrolled patients | Type of non-invasive ventilation | Interface | Control | Arterial oxygenation | Intubation rate | Outcome | Tolerance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Foti et al. (2009) [28] | Observational | Presumed acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema | 121 | CPAP | Helmet | O2 therapy | Higher with helmet | No data | No data | No difference |
Tonnelier et al. (2003) [29] | Prospective with matched control | Acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema | 11 | CPAP | Helmet | FM | No difference | No data | No data | No difference |
Antonelli et al. (2002) [32] | Prospective with matched control | Hypoxemic ARF | 33 | PSV | Helmet | FM | Higher with FM | No difference | No difference | Higher intolerance in FM versus helmet (38% versus 0%) |
Cammarota et al. (2011) [36] | Cross-over | Hypoxemic ARF | 24 | CPAP with or without sigh | Helmet | Venturi mask | Higher during sigh in bilateral lung involvement | No data | No data | No difference |
Isgrò et al. (2010) [37] | Cross-over | Hypoxemic ARF | 21 | CPAP with or without sigh and BIPAP | Helmet | - | Higher oxygenation during sigh and BIPAP | No data | No data | Similar tolerance |
Cammarota et al. (2011) [38] | Cross-over | Post-extubation ARF | 10 | PSV - NAVA | Helmet | - | No difference | No difference | No difference | No data |
Principi et al. (2004) [41] | Prospective with historical group | Hematological malignancy with hypoxemic ARF | 17 | CPAP | Helmet | FM | No difference | Favor helmet | Favor helmet | Higher intolerance in FM versus helmet (11% versus 0%) |
Rocco et al. (2004) [42] | Matched-control group | Immunocompromised patients with hypoxemic ARF | 19 | PSV | Helmet | FM | No difference | No difference | No difference | Higher intolerance in FM versus helmet (47% versus 10%) |
Rabitsch et al. (2003) [43] | Prospective observational | Immunocompromised patients with hypoxemic ARF | 10 | PSV | Helmet | - | Increased | 20% | No data | No data |
Carron et al. (2010) [45] | Prospective observational | Hypoxemic ARF | 67 | PSV | Helmet | - | Lower in NIV failure | 56% | Lower in NIV failure | No data |
Cosentini et al. (2010) [46] | Randomized controlled | Hypoxemic ARF | 47 | CPAP | Helmet | O2 therapy | Higher in helmet | No difference | No difference | No difference |
Belenguer-Muncharaz et al. (2011) [49] | Retrospective observational | Hypoxemic ARF due to influenza H1N1 | 5 | CPAP - PSV | Helmet | Boussignac - FM | No difference | 0% | 100% alive | No data |
Squadrone et al. (2005) [53] | Randomized controlled unblinded | Postoperative patients with acute hypoxemia | 209 | CPAP | Helmet | O2 therapy | Higher with helmet | Favor helmet | No difference | No difference |
Conti et al. (2007) [54] | Matched-control | Postoperative ARF | 25 | PSV | Helmet | FM | No difference | Favor helmet | No difference | Higher intolerance in FM versus helmet(32% versus 12%) |
Redondo Calvo et al. (2012) [55] | Prospective observational | Postoperative patients with hypoxemia | 99 | CPAP | Helmet | - | Increased | 25% | No data | No data |
Barbagallo et al. (2012) [56] | Randomized unblinded | Postoperative thoracic surgery | 50 | CPAP | Helmet | O2 therapy | Higher with helmet | No difference | No difference | No data |
Antonelli et al. (2004) [57] | Case-control | Acute exacerbation of COPD | 33 | PSV | Helmet | FM | Similar oxygenation but lower CO2 improvement with helmet | No difference | No difference | Higher intolerance in FM versus helmet (36% versus 0%) |
Antonaglia et al. (2011) [58] | Randomized controlled | Acute exacerbation of COPD | 53 | PSV | Helmet | FM | Similar oxygenation but lower CO2 improvement with helmet | Lower with helmet | No difference | Higher intolerance in FM versus helmet (40% versus 5%) |
Navalesi et al. (2007) [59] | Randomized cross-over | Acute exacerbation of COPD | 10 | PSV | Helmet | FM | No difference | No difference | No difference | No difference |
Vargas et al. (2009) [60] | Cross-over | Post-extubation ARF | 11 | PSV | Helmet | FM | No data | No data | No data | No difference |
Antonelli et al. (2003) [62] | Prospective observational | ARF requiring FOB | 4 | PSV | Helmet | - | No change | No data | No data | No data |
Rocco et al. (2010) [65] | Prospective observational | ARF that required NIV interruption | 36 | PSV | Helmet | FM | No change | 39% | 28% | No difference |