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Table 1 Characteristics of studies comparing intensive and conventional glycemic control in neurocritical care patients

From: Optimal glycemic control in neurocritical care patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author, year

Patients, number

Diagnosis

Intensive definition

Conventional

definition

Duration of protocol

Definition of hypoglycemia

Definition of poor outcome

Timing of nutrition

Staszewski, 2011

50

IS

81-126 mg/dl (iv insulin)

< 180 mg/dl (sc insulin)

24 hours

< 60 mg/dl

mRS 3-6

(30 days)

Deferred 24 hours

Green, 2010

81

Mixed

80-110 mg/dl (iv insulin)

< 150 mg/dl (sc insulin)

ICU stay

< 60 mg/dl

mRS 3-6

(3 months)

EN within 24 hours

Coester, 2010

88

TBI

80-110 mg/dl

< 180 mg/dl

ICU stay

< 80 mg/dl

GOS 1-3

(6 months)

EN within 24-48 hours

Johnston, 2009

74

IS

70-110 mg/dl

< 200 mg/dl (loose) < 300 mg/dl (usual)

5 days

< 55 mg/dl

mRS 2-6

(3 months)

PO or EN ASAP

Azevedo, 2009

34

IS

< 140 mg/dl (IV insulin)

< 150 mg/dl (SC insulin)

NR

NR

eGOS

(Hospital dc)

Not specified; carbohydrate restriction in controls

Meng, 2009

240

TBI

80-110 mg/dl

180-200 mg/dl

ICU stay

< 40 mg/dl

GOS 1-3

(6 months)

IV glucose for 24 hours then EN or PN

Yang, 2009

110

ICH, IS, SAH

80-150 mg/dl (IV insulin)

Treated with twice daily insulin 30/70

ICU stay

< 80 mg/dl

mRS 4-6

(time frame unclear)

Not specified

Bilotta, 2008

97

TBI

80-120 mg/dl

< 220 mg/dl

ICU stay

< 80 mg/dl

GOS 1-3

(6 months)

EN or PN ASAP

Kreisel, 2008

40

IS

80-110 mg/dl

< 200 mg/dl

5 days

< 60 mg/dl

RS > 2

Not specified

Arabi, 2008

94

TBI

80-110 mg/dl

180-200 mg/dl

ICU stay

< 40 mg/dl

NR

EN ASAP

Bruno, 2008

46

IS

90-130 mg/dl

< 200 mg/dl

72 hours

< 60 mg/dl

mRS 3-6

(3 months)

Not specified

Oksanen, 2007

90

AI

80-110 mg/dl

110-144 mg/dl

48 hours

< 55 mg/dl

NR

Not specified

Azevedo, 2007

48

Mixed

80-120 mg/dl

< 180 mg/dl

ICU stay

< 40 mg/dl

eGOS

(3 months)

IV glucose for 48 hours then EN; carbohydrate restriction in controls

Bilotta, 2007

78

SAH

80-120 mg/dl

< 220 mg/dl

ICU stay

< 80 mg/dl

mRS 4-6

(6 months)

EN or PN ASAP

Walters, 2006

25

IS

90-144 mg/dl

< 270 mg/dl

48 hours

NR

NR

Deferred 48 hours

Van den Berghe, 2005

63

Mixed

80-110 mg/dl

< 200 mg/dl

ICU stay

< 40 mg/dl

Karnofsky > 60

(12 months)

IV glucose for 24 hours then EN or PN

  1. AI, anoxic brain injury; ASAP, as soon as possible; eGOS, extended GOS; EN, enteral nutrition; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; GOS, Glasgow Outcome Scale; ICH, intracerebral hemorrhage; IS, ischemic stroke; mRS, modified Ranking Scale; NR, not reported; PN, parenteral nutrition; RS, Rankin score; SAH, subarachnoid hemorrhage; TBI, traumatic brain injury.