Table 1 Characteristics of the randomized controlled trials involving use of ETRAs in patients with SAH

Shaw and colleagues, 2000 [23]

Multicenter/Europe

>18 years old, WFNS 1 to 4 (79% grade 1 to 2)

420 (207/213)

75% clipped, 9% coiled

TAK-044 (within 96 hours, intravenously)

≤50 mg three times per day

10 days

DND within 3 months

DND within 10 days; DCI within 3 months; GOS at 3 months; adverse events

Vajkoczy and colleagues, 2005[24]

Multicenter/Germany

18 to 65 years old, HH 3 to 4

29 (13/16)

100% clipped

Clazosentan (within 48 hours, intravenously)

0.2 mg/kg/hour

14 days

Incidence and severity of angiographic vasospasm on day 8 post SAH

DCI at 14 days; adverse events

CONSCIOUS-1, 2008 [25]

Multicenter/North America and Europe

18 to 70 years old, WFNS 1 to 4 (74% grade 1 to 2)

409 (313/96)

45% clipped

Clazosentan (within 56 hours, intravenously)

1 mg/hour (108), 5 mg/hour (111), 15 mg/hour (98)

14 days

Moderate or severe vasospasm within 14 days

Morbidity and mortality at 6 and 12 weeks; DIND at 14 days; DCI at 6 weeks; rescue therapy within 14 days; adverse events

CONSCIOUS-2, 2011 [16]

Multicenter/North America and Europe

18 to 75 years old, WFNS 1 to 4 (78% grade 1 to 2)

1,147 (764/383)

100% clipped

Clazosentan (within 56 hours, intravenously)

5 mg/hour

14 days

Mortality and vasospasm-related morbidity within 6 weeks post SAH

Dichotomized GOSE score at 12 weeks; DCI, DIND, rescue therapy at 6 weeks; adverse events

CONSCIOUS-3, 2012 [26]

Multicenter/North America and Europe

18 to 75 years old, WFNS 1 to 4 (80% grade 1 to 2)

571 (382/189)

100% coiling

Clazosentan (within 56 hours, intravenously)

5 mg/hour (194), 15 mg/hour (188)

14 days

Mortality and vasospasm-related morbidity within 6 weeks post SAH

Dichotomized GOSE score at 12 weeks; DCI, DIND, rescue therapy at 6 weeks; death at 12 weeks; adverse events