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Table 1 Description of the study population by period and ICU, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon (France), 2004-2010.

From: Impact of surveillance of hospital-acquired infections on the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in intensive care units: a quasi-experimental study

Characteristics

Intervention group:

Interrupted surveillance, unit A

Control group:

Continuous surveillance, unit B

 

Period 1 2004 to 2006 (n = 448)

Period 2 2007 to 2010 (n = 492)

P

Period 1 2004 to 2006 (n = 743)

Period 2 2007 to 2010 (n = 881)

P

Categorical variable,

n (%)

      

   Gender, male

308 (68.8)

320 (65.0)

0.23

439 (59.1)

531 (60.3)

0.63

   Patient origin

  

0.004

  

<0.001

   Home

70 (15.6)

114 (23.2)

 

421 (56.7)

421 (47.8)

 

   Other unit/hospital

378 (84.4)

378 (76.8)

 

322 (43.3)

460 (52.2)

 

   Immunosuppresseda

153 (34)

263 (53)

<0.001

98 (13.2)

175 (19.9)

<0.001

   Diagnosis categorya

  

<0.001

  

0.060

   Medical

265 (59.2)

161 (32.7)

 

660 (88.8)

807 (91.6)

 

   Surgery

183 (40.9)

331 (67.3)

 

83 (11.2)

74 (8.4)

 

   Antibioticsa

284 (63.4)

230 (46.8)

<0.001

397 (53.4)

629 (71.4)

<0.001

   Deceased in-hospital

60 (13.5)

91 (18.8)

0.028

236 (31.9)

256 (29.1)

0.22

Continuous variable,

mean (SD)

      

   Age, yearsa

56.3 (14.9)

58.5 (15.5)

0.022

61.1 (16.4)

60.7 (59.6)

0.61

   SAPSIIa

51.7 (17.9)

45.4 (21.0)

<0.001

55.6 (19.8)

55.5 (18.8)

0.95

   Length of hospital stay, days

12.2 (18.6)

15.3 (25.7)

0.038

14.8 (20.3)

12.0 (17.0)

0.0023

   Length of invasive mechanical ventilation, days

7.7 (14.5)

11.3 (24.7)

0.007

11.1 (19.0)

8.5 (14.5)

0.0015

Incidence of VAP

      

   Number of VAP

35

84

 

68

99

 

   Attack rateb

7.8

17.1

<0.001

9.2

11.2

0.17

   Incidencec (95% CI)

13.4

(9.5-18.4)

22.9

(18.4-28.2)

 

11.2

(8.7-14.1)

17.1

(14.0-20.8)

 
  1. NOTE: CI, confidence interval; SD, standard deviation; SAPSII, simplified acute physiological score II; VAP, ventilator-associated pneumonia. a At ICU admission. b Number of VAP per 100 intubated patients. c Number of VAP per 1,000 intubation-days.