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Table 1 Baseline demographics and clinical characteristics of patients

From: Epidemiology and outcome of severe pneumococcal pneumonia admitted to intensive care unit: a multicenter study

 

All patients

n = 222

Survivors

n = 158

Non-survivors

n = 64

P

Demographic

    

Age

60 (49-75)

59 (48-70)

67 (54-80)

0.003

Male gender, n (%)

146 (66)

96 (57)

50 (78)

0.014

Underlying conditions

    

Tobacco use, n (%)

89 (40)

62 (37)

27 (42)

0.5

Alcohol abuse, n (%)

65 (29)

44 (26)

21 (33)

0.34

COPD, n (%)

57 (26)

36 (21)

21 (33)

0.08

Immunosuppressive treatment, n (%)

49 (22)

32 (19)

17 (26)

0.36

Cirrhosis, n (%)

14 (6)

5 (3)

9 (14)

0.002

Diabetes mellitus, n (%)

32 (14)

21 (12)

11 (17)

0.43

Chronic heart failure, n (%)

23 (10)

10 (6)

13 (20)

0.002

Chronic renal insufficiency, n (%)

12 (5)

6 (3)

6 (9)

0.1

Asplenia, n (%)

3 (1)

2 (1)

1 (2)

0.86

Systemic disease, n (%)

11 (5)

7 (4)

4 (6)

0.56

Cancer, n (%)

23 (10)

12 (7)

11 (17)

0.03

Long-term steroid therapy, n (%)

29 (13)

20 (12)

9 (14)

0.68

Clinical feature

    

SAPS II

47 (36-64)

43 (34-56)

63 (49 75)

< 0.001

Septic shock, n (%)

170 (76)

107 (64)

63 (98)

< 0.001

ARDS, n (%)

100 (45)

57 (34)

43 (67)

< 0.001

Ventilator-acquired pneumonia, n(%)

69 (31)

50 (32)

19 (30)

0.87

Bacteraemia, n (%)

101 (45)

73 (43)

28 (31)

0.71

Penicillin-susceptible S. pneumoniae strain, n (%) (over 194 patients)

117 (60)

83 (53)

34 (53)

0.99

Main laboratory findings on admission

    

PaO2/FiO2 ratio

98 (73-149)

100 (75-156)

91 (61-128)

0.12

Lactate (mmol/L)

2.9 (1.6-5.9)

2.2 (1.3-5.6)

5.16 (2.6-9.1)

0.02

Glycaemia (mmol/L)

8.3 (5-13)

8.3 (4.9-12.6)

7.3 (4.9-11.2)

0.7

Urea (mmol/L)

10.7 (6.8-16.7)

9.3 (6.3-14.5)

12 (9.3-20.3)

0.13

Platelet count < 10,0000/mm3, n (%)

52 (23)

32 (19)

20 (31)

0.05

Leukocytes < 1000/mm3, n (%)

56 (25)

32 (19)

22 (34)

0.05

Prothrombin time < 50%, n (%)

55 (25)

30 (18)

25 (39)

< 0.001

Bilirubin > 25 mmol/L, n (%)

59 (27)

26 (15)

23 (36)

0.001

Treatments

    

Mechanical ventilation, n (%)

186 (84)

123 (73)

63 (98)

< 0.001

Renal replacement therapy, n (%)

70 (32)

30 (18)

40 (62)

< 0.001

Antibiotherapy combination including macrolides, n (%)

163 (73)

110 (65)

53 (83)

0.04

Low-dose steroids, n (%)

69 (31)

41 (24)

28 (31)

0.001

Activated protein C, n (%)

44 (20)

32 (19)

12 (19)

0.78

  1. Data are expressed as median and interquartile range. COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; SAPS: Simplified Acute Physiology Score; ARDS: acute respiratory distress syndrome; S.pneumoniae: Streptococcus pneumonia.
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