From: Light and the outcome of the critically ill: an observational cohort study
Characteristic | Season | P value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Spring (n = 2,566) | Summer (n = 2,367) | Fall (n = 2,275) | Winter (n = 2,326) | ||
Age, yearsa | 60.1 ± 17.8 | 59.6 ± 18.0 | 60.4 ± 18.0 | 60.1 ± 17.6 | 0.48 |
Sex, percentage | |||||
Male | 58.9 | 58.6 | 59.7 | 58.7 | 0.89 |
Race, percentage | |||||
Caucasian | 79.1 | 81.5 | 81.0 | 79.1 | 0.04 |
African-American | 14.0 | 11.3 | 11.9 | 14.2 | |
Other | 6.9 | 7.2 | 7.1 | 6.7 | |
APACHE III scorea | 51.4 ± 25.2 | 51.5 ± 25.4 | 52.9 ± 26.0 | 52.6 ± 26.4 | 0.09 |
Diagnostic category, percentage | |||||
Cardiovascular | 28.1 | 28.2 | 31.9 | 28.8 | 0.01 |
Trauma | 15.4 | 17.3 | 14.7 | 13.9 | 0.01 |
Gastrointestinal | 9.5 | 8.3 | 9.5 | 9.2 | 0.41 |
Sepsis | 6.5 | 5.4 | 7.1 | 6.8 | 0.09 |
Solid tumors | 5.9 | 4.9 | 4.2 | 5.0 | 0.06 |
Neuropsychiatric | 4.8 | 3.6 | 4.0 | 4.5 | 0.18 |
Pulmonary | 4.1 | 3.7 | 4.6 | 4.2 | 0.50 |
Renal | 1.0 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 0.87 |
Immunodeficiency | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.12 |
Other | 24.6 | 26.8 | 23.0 | 26.1 | 0.01 |
Type of ICU, percentage | |||||
Medical | 32.9 | 33.1 | 29.8 | 32.9 | 0.05 |
Coronary care | 10.7 | 9.6 | 11.7 | 9.9 | 0.07 |
Cardiothoracic | 30.0 | 32.2 | 34.2 | 31.3 | 0.02 |
Surgical | 6.2 | 6.3 | 7.2 | 5.4 | 0.07 |
Multidisciplinary | 20.2 | 18.8 | 17.1 | 20.5 | 0.02 |
Length of stay, daysa | 4.8 ± 6.6 | 5.2 ± 9.2 | 4.9 ± 6.6 | 5.1 ± 6.9 | 0.97 |
Mortality, percentage | 10.2 | 10.0 | 11.4 | 11.2 | 0.29 |