Table 1 Characteristics of the study patients according to infection status.

Age, years, mean (SD)

60.0 ± 17.1

59.0 ± 17.9

.706

5.7%

Male/female (%)

67.4/32.6

63.2/36.8

.583

8.8%

APACHE II score at ICU admission, mean (SD)

18.3 ± 7.0

20.1 ± 6.5

.131

-19.24%

SOFA score at ICU admission

7 (4 to 9)

8.5 (7 to 10)

.004

ICU length of stay (days)^a

17 (12 to 28)

28.5 (16.5 to 53.5)

.001

Hospital length of stay (days)^a

37 (23 to 59)

37 (26 to 67)

.436

ICU mortality, number (%)

220 (20.6)

20 (52.6))

< .001

Overall mortality, number (%)

314 (29.6)

21 (55.3)

.001

Diagnosis on ICU admission, number (%)

.437

   Medical

523 (48.9)

16 (42.1)

-13.68%

   Surgical

369 (34.5)

17 (44.7)

20.97%

   Trauma

177 (16.6)

5 (13.2)

-9.55

Multifocal colonization, total, number (%)

649 (60.7)

35 (92.1)

< .001

79.58%

Clinical condition, number (%) at the time of ICU admission

< .001

   No sepsis

497 (46.6)

1 (2.6)

-118.8%

   Sepsis

297 (27.9)

11 (28.9)

2.22%

   Severe sepsis

108 (10.1)

11 (28.9)

48.84%

   Septic shock

164 (15.4)

15 (39.5)

56.1%

Surgery, number (%)

369 (34.4)

17 (44.7)

.202

21.18%

Abdominal surgery, number (%)

205 (19.2)

12 (31.6)

.075

28.78%

Surgical procedures, number

.302

   None

625 (58.5)

20 (52.6)

-11.89%

   One

316 (29.6)

10 (26.3)

-7.36%

   Two or more

128 (12.0)

8 (21.1)

24.67

Secondary peritonitis, number (%)

65 (6.1)

4 (10.5)

.306

16%

Underlying illnesses, number (%)

Neurologic disease

224 (21.0)

5 (13.2)

.220

-20.83%

Trauma

197 (18.4)

7 (18.4)

.999

0%

Diabetes mellitus

183 (17.1)

7 (18.4)

.836

3.4%

COPD

163 (15.2)

9 (23.7)

.183

21.6%

Heart failure

91 (8.5)

6 (15.8)

.155

22.48%

Chronic renal failure

58 (5.4)

2 (5.3)

.965

-0.44%

Acute coronary syndrome

51 (4.8)

1 (2.6)

.507

-11.67%

Chronic liver failure

45 (4.2)

1 (2.6)

.609

-8.84%

Hematologic malignancy

12 (1.1)

0

.359

-14.91%

Solid tumor

124 (11.6)

4 (10.5)

.837

-3.51%

Risk factors, number (%)

Urinary catheter

1,057 (99.1)

37 (97.4)

.387

-12.99%

Central venous catheter

1,044 (97.8)

38 (100.0)

.193

21.21%

Mechanical ventilation

967 (90.5)

37 (97.4)

.097

29.24%

Broad-spectrum antibiotics

941 (88.3)

36 (97.3)

.046

35.36%

Empiric/preemptive antifungal treatment.

180 (16.8)

2 (5.3)

.032

-37.31%

Arterial catheter

846 (79.5)

37 (97.4)

.001

58.33%

Enteral nutrition

825 (77.2)

26 (68.4)

.225

-19.87%

Total parenteral nutrition

428 (40.4)

27 (71.1)

< .001

64.99%

Corticosteroids

300 (28.5)

12 (31.6)

.679

6.76%

Renal replacement therapy

126 (12.0)

15 (39.5)

< .001

66.25%