Antipsychotic use and diagnosis of delirium in the intensive care unit

Table 1 Basic demographics and clinical characteristics of patients

Demographics and clinical characteristics	All patients 164,996 (100%)	Delirium 10,034 (6.1%)	No delirium 154,962 (93.9%)	P-value	Antipsychotic exposure 17,764 (10.6%)	No antipsychotic exposure 140,865 (85.4%)^a	P-value
Age ≥65 years, n (%)	59,550	3,937	55,613	<	6,444	50,383	0.181
	(36.1)	(39.3)	(35.7)	0.001	(36.3)	(35.8)
Male sex, n (%)	92,157	6,499	85,658	<	10,884	77,686	< 0.001
	(55.9)	(64.8)	(55.3)	0.001	(61.3)	(55.2)
Surgical ICU type, n (%)	89,423	4,850	84,573	<	9,930	76,693	< 0.001
	(54.2)	(48.3)	(54.6)	0.001	(55.9)	(54.4)
Race
White, n (%)	105,565	7,072	98,493	<	12,272	89,055	< 0.001
	(64.0)	(70.5)	(63.6)	0.001	(69.1)	(63.2)
Black, n (%)	34,647	1,647	33,000	<	3,173	30,061	< 0.001
	(21.0)	(16.4)	(21.3)	0.001	(17.9)	(21.3)
Other, n (%)	24,784	1,315	23,469	<	2,319	21,749	< 0.001
	(15.0)	(13.1)	(15.1)	0.001	(13.1)	(15.4)
Admit severity of illness
Minor, n (%)	23,619	526	23,093	<	993	18,007	< 0.001
	(14.3)	(5.2)	(14.9)	0.001	(5.6)	(14.7)
Moderate, n (%)	47,543	2,064	45,479	<	3,150	35,956	< 0.001
	(28.8)	(20.6)	(29.3)	0.001	(17.7)	(29.4)
Major, n (%)	57,747	4,067	53,680	<	6,386	42,471	0.002
	(35.0)	(40.5)	(34.6)	0.001	(36.0)	(34.7)
Extreme, n (%)	36,083	3,377	32,706	<	7,234	25,830	< 0.001
	(21.9)	(33.7)	(21.1)	0.001	(40.7)	(21.1)

Results compare patients with an admission to an intensive care unit with documentation of delirium versus none and with antipsychotic exposure versus none (n = 164,996). ^aDue to equivocal data for antipsychotic administration, 4% (n = 6,337) of patients were excluded from antipsychotic exposure versus no antipsychotic exposure comparisons. It is likely that these patients received an antipsychotic while hospitalized, but administration while in the ICU could not be confirmed. ICU, intensive care unit

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