From: Mechanical ventilation affects local and systemic TNF-alpha and IL-10 in normal swine lung
 | Time 0 h | Time 2 h | Time 4 h | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Serum | BAL | Serum | BAL | Serum | BAL |
Group A: LVZP (PIP 14 ± 2.2 cmH2O) | ||||||
TNF-a (pg/ml) | 7.9 ± 1.4 | 17.5 ± 5.6 | 10.2 ± 2.7 | 35.9 ± 11.8* | 7.9 ± 1.4 | 61.5 ± 32.8* |
IL-10 (pg/ml) | 1.7 ± 0.8 | 6.6 ± 0.2 | 1.8 ± 0.6 | 24.8 ± 7.7* | 1.6 ± 0.3 | 12.1 ± 4.2 |
Group B: MVZP(PIP 21.8 ± 0.4 cmH2O) | ||||||
TNF-a (pg/ml) | 4.5 ± 0.2 | 16.4 ± 3.2 | 12.7 ± 1.3* | 28.8 ± 17.2 | 4.5 ± 0.3 | 29.3 ± 14.8 |
IL-10 (pg/ml) | 6.6 ± 3.9 | 7.2 ± 1.3 | 8.6 ± 5.6 | 10.1 ± 2.5 | 7.1 ± 4.6 | 12.9 ± 1.8 |
Group C: HVZP(PIP 59.3 ± 0.8 cmH2O) | ||||||
TNF-a (pg/ml) | 9.4 ± 0.3 | 13.4 ± 2.7 | 43.2 ± 5.1* | 12.9 ± 2.5 | 18.4 ± 5.6 | 19.9 ± 7.9 |
IL-10 (pg/ml) | 3.3 ± 0.9 | 7.1 ± 2.7 | 12.8 ± 10.4 | 11.8 ± 3.2 | 14.3 ± 11.1 | 20.6 ± 8.4 |
Group D: LVP(PIP 26.5 ± 4.1 cmH2O) | ||||||
TNF-a (pg/ml) | 11.9 ± 4.5 | 20.5 ± 4.9 | 17.9 ± 4.2 | 46.4 ± 10.9 | 52.2 ± 3.4* | 66.7 ± 9.5* |
IL-10 (pg/ml) | 7.1 ± 0.4 | 3.4 ± 1.1 | 15.9 ± 14.1 | 45.9 ± 14.8* | 15.6 ± 12.2 | 66.1 ± 24.1* |
Group E: HVP(PIP 65.3 ± 1.4 cmH2O) | ||||||
TNF-a (pg/ml) | 5.1 ± 0.9 | 20.9 ± 3.1 | 3.4 ± 1.1 | 35.4 ± 9.9* | 16.7 ± 0.8* | 33.9 ± 7.6* |
IL-10 (pg/ml) | 2.8 ± 0.9 | 2.9 ± 0.6 | 1.5 ± 0.7 | 27.2 ± 22.9* | 2.8 ± 0.7* | 16.2 ± 2.5* |