Table 2 Study description and quality assessment
Article | Interventions compared | Patient group | Were the outcomes accurately measured? | Were the costs accurately measured? | Was uncertainty in analysis determined? | Were estimates and costs related to the baseline risk in treatment population? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pechevis, 2000 | Enoxaparin 40 mg daily versus placebo for 6-14 days | Medical | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs | Yes; data from literature | Yes | Yes |
Lloyd, 2001 | UFH 5,000 units twice daily versus enoxaparin 40 mg daily for 6-14 days | Medical | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs | Yes; data from literature | Yes | Yes |
Lamy, 2002 | Enoxaparin 20 mg versus 40 mg versus placebo for 6-14 days | Medical | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs | Yes; data from hospital, OHIP | Yes | Yes |
Offord, 2003 | Enoxaparin 40 mg daily versus UFH 5,000 units twice daily versus none for 6-14 days | Medical | Yes; outcomes taken from RCT/meta-analysis | Yes; data from a hospital | Yes | Yes |
Schadlich, 2006 | Enoxaparin 40 mg versus UFH 5,000 units three times daily for 6-14 days | Medical | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs/meta-analysis | Yes; data from the German Health System | Yes | Yes |
Drummond, 1994 | UFH 5,000 units 3 times daily versus enoxaparin 40 mg daily for 7 days | HFS | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs | Yes; data from literature | Yes | Yes |
Hawkins, 1997 | Enoxaparin 30 mg daily versus UFH 5,000 units for 7 days | THR | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs | Yes; data from literature | Yes | Yes |
Marchetti, 1999 | UFH 5,000 units twice daily versus LMWH enoxaparin 40 mg daily for 14 days | THR | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs/meta-analysis | Yes; data from literature | Yes | Yes |
McGarry, 2004 | UFH 5,000 units twice daily versus enoxaparin 40 mg daily versus nothing for 30 days | Medical | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs/meta-analysis | Yes; data from literature | Yes | Yes |
Deitelzweig, 2008 | UFH 5,000 units twice daily versus enoxaparin 40 mg daily versus nothing for 5 days | Medical | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs | Yes; data from literature | Yes | Yes |
Wade, 2008 | UFH 5,000 units 3 times daily versus dalteparin 5,000 units daily for 10 days | Gynecology oncology surgery | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs | Yes; data from literature | Yes | Yes |
Lloyd, 1997 | UFH 5,000 units twice daily/3 times daily versus nadroparin for 10-14 days | Orthopedic and general surgery | Yes; outcomes taken from meta-analysis | Yes; data from published rates of pay, costs from a hospital | Yes | Yes |
Heerey, 2005 | Dalteparin 2,500 units versus 5,000 units versus UFH for 10 days | Abdominal surgery | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs | Yes; data from Medicare reimbursement | Yes | Yes |
O'Brien, 1994 | Enoxaparin 30 mg twice daily versus warfarin for 7 days | THR | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs | Yes; data from literature | Yes | Yes |
Menzin, 1995 | Enoxaparin 30 mg twice daily versus warfarin (INR 2-3) versus nothing for 5-14 days | THR | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs | Yes; data from literature | Yes | Yes |
Hull, 1997 | Warfarin versus tinzaparin 175 units/kg for 14 days | THR, TKR | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs | Yes; data from literature | Yes | Yes |
Hawkins, 1998 | Enoxaparin 30 mg twice daily versus warfarin for 10 days | TKR | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs | Yes; data from literature | Yes | Yes |
Francis, 1999 | Dalteparin 2,500 units, then 5,000 units versus warfarin for 10 days | THR | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs | Yes; costs from participating hospitals in RCT | Yes; for costs | Yes |
Botteman, 2002 | Enoxaparin 30 mg daily versus warfarin 5 mg daily for 7 days | THR | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs | Yes; data from literature | Yes | Yes |
Caprini, 2002 | Enoxaparin 30 mg twice daily for 7 days versus UFH 5,000 units 3 times daily and warfarin for 10 days | THR | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs | Yes; data from literature | Yes | Yes |
Levin, 2001 | Desirudin 15 mg twice daily versus enoxaparin 40 mg daily for 10 days | THR | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs | Yes; data from literature | Yes | Yes |
Honorato, 2004 | Bemiparin 3,500 units daily versus enoxaparin 40 mg daily for 8-12 days | TKR | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs | Yes; data from National Health Care Institute, pharmacists association | Yes | Yes |
Attanasio, 2001 | Dermatan sulfate 300 mg daily versus UFH 5,000 units 3 times daily for 7 days | Surgical oncology | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs | Yes - data from hospital costs | Yes | Yes |
Wade, 2001 | Tinzaparin 3,500 units versus enoxaparin 30 mg twice daily for 8 weeks | Spinal cord injury | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs | Yes; data from different hospitals, DRG | Yes | Yes |
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Were estimates and costs related to the baseline risk in treatment population- are these results generalizable? |
Gordois, 2003 | Enoxaparin 40 mg daily versus fondaparinux 2.5 mg daily for 5-9 days | THR, HFS | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs | Yes; data from NICE | Yes | Yes |
Lundkvist, 2003 | Fondaparinux 2.5 mg daily versus enoxaparin 40 mg daily for 7 days | THR, HFS | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs | Yes; data from literature | Yes | Yes |
Wade, 2003 | Fondaparinux 2.5 mg daily versus enoxaparin 40 mg daily versus 30 mg twice daily for 7-10 days | HFS | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs | Yes; data from literature | Yes | Yes |
Szucs, 2003 | Fondaparinux 2.5 mg daily versus enoxaparin 40 mg daily for 7 days | THR, TKR HFS | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs | Yes; data from literature and surveys in Switzerland | Yes | Yes |
Sullivan, 2004 | Fondaparinux 2.5 mg daily versus enoxaparin 40 mg daily for 7 days | THR, TKR HFS | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs | Yes; costs from review of 220 acute care hospitals | Yes | Yes |
Dranitsaris, 2004 | Fondaparinux 2.5 mg daily versus enoxaparin 40 mg daily for 7 days | THR, HFS | Yes; outcomes taken from a meta-analysis | Data from CIHI, surveys | Yes | Yes |
Spruill, 2004 | Fondaparinux 2.5 mg daily versus enoxaparin 30 mg twice daily for 4-5 days | TKA | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs | Yes; data from literature | Yes | Yes |
Spruill, 2004 | Fondaparinux 2.5 mg daily versus enoxaparin 30 mg twice daily for 10 days | THR | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs | Yes; data from literature | Yes | Yes |
Wade, 2004 | Fondaparinux 2.5 mg daily versus enoxaparin 40 mg daily for 7 days | HFS | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs | Yes; data from literature | Yes | Yes |
Bjorvatn, 2005 | Fondaparinux 2.5 mg daily versus enoxaparin 40 mg daily for 7 days | THR, TKR HFS | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs | Yes; data from Norwegian national sources | Yes | Yes |
Wolowacz 2009 | THR Dabigatran 220 mg daily versus enoxaparin 40 mg daily for 28-35 days TKR Dabigatran 220 mg daily for versus enoxaparin 40 mg daily 6-10 days | THR, TKR | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs | Yes; data from UK national sources | Yes | Yes |
McCullagh, 2009 | THR Dabigatran 220 mg daily for 35 days versus rivaroxaban 10 mg daily for 35 days versus enoxaparin 40 mg daily for 14 days TKR Dabigatran 220 mg daily for 14 days versus rivaroxaban 10 mg daily for 10 days versus enoxaparin 40 mg daily for 10 days | THR, TKR | Yes; outcomes taken from RCTs | Yes; data from literature and Irish national sources | Yes | Yes |
Pechevis, 2000 | Yes | N/R | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Lloyd, 2001 | Yes | N/R | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Lamy, 2002 | Yes | N/R | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Offord, 2003 | Yes | N/R | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Schadlich, 2006 | Incompletely | N/R | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Drummond, 1994 | Incompletely | N/R | No | Yes | Yes | Likely |
Hawkins, 1997 | Yes | N/R | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Marchetti, 1999 | Incompletely | N/R | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Etchells, 1999 | Yes | N/R | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
McGarry, 2004 | Incompletely | N/R | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Article | Were incremental costs and outcomes measured? | Do incremental costs and outcomes differ between subgroups? | Does allowance for uncertainty change results? | Are prophylaxis benefits worth the harm and costs? | Generalizability: could other patient populations expect similar outcomes? | Generalizability: could other patient populations expect to experience similar costs? |
Heerey, 2005 | Incompletely | N/R | No | Yes | Yes | Likely |
Deitelzweig, 2008 | Yes | N/R | No | Yes | Yes | Likely |
Wade, 2008 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
O'Brien, 1994 | Yes | N/R | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Menzin, 1995 | Yes | N/R | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Hull, 1997 | Yes | N/R | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Hawkins, 1998 | Yes | N/R | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Francis, 1999 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Likely | Yes | Yes |
Botteman, 2002 | Incompletely | N/R | No | Yes | Perhaps | Yes |
Nerurkar, 2002 | Incompletely | N/R | No | Yes | Perhaps | Yes |
Levin, 2001 | Incompletely | N/R | No | Yes | Yes | Likely |
Caprini, 2002 | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Likely |
| Â | Were incremental costs and outcomes measured? | Do incremental costs and outcomes differ between subgroups? | Does allowance for uncertainty change results? | Are prophylaxis benefits worth the harm and costs? | Generalizability: could other patient populations expect similar outcomes? | Generalizability: could other patient populations expect to experience similar costs? |
Honorato, 2004 | Yes | N/R | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Wade, 2001 | Incompletely | N/R | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Gordois, 2003 | Yes | N/R | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Wade, 2003 | Yes | N/R | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Annemans, 2004 | Yes | N/R | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Attanasio, 2001 | Yes | N/R | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Szucs, 2003 | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Sullivan, 2004 | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Dranitsaris, 2004 | Yes | N/R | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Spruill, 2004 | Yes | N/R | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Spruill, 2004 | Yes | N/R | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Wade, 2004 | Yes | N/R | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Bjorvatn, 2005 | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Wolowacz 2009 | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
McCullagh 2009 | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |