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Table 2 Clinical characteristics of study subjectsa

From: Brachial artery reactivity in patients with severe sepsis: an observational study

 

Controls

Severe sepsis

p

Survivors

Nonsurvivors

P

 

( n = 52)

( n = 95)

 

( n = 78)

( n = 17)

 

Age (years)

60 (53-66)

62 (49-74)

0.42

58 (48-71)

74 (64-78)

0.006

Male gender

26 (50%)

49 (52%)

0.85

43 (55%)

6 (35%)

0.14

Race

  

0.36c

  

0.37

   Caucasian

49 (94%)

80 (84%)

-

67 (86%)

13 (76%)

-

   African-American

3 (6%)

12 (13%)

-

9 (12%)

3 (18%)

-

   Asian

0

1 (1%)

-

1 (1%)

0 (0)

-

   Hispanic/Latino

0

2 (2%)

-

1 (1%)

1 (5%)

-

Hypertension history

11 (21%)

59 (62%)

< 0.001

44 (56%)

15 (88%)

0.01

Hyperlipidemia

16 (31%)

34 (36%)

0.54

26 (33%)

8 (47%)

0.28

Current tobacco use

1 (2%)

23 (24%)

< 0.001

20 (26%)

3 (18%)

0.76

MAP (mm Hg)

91 (84-100)

80 (72-90)

< 0.001

82 (73-91)

79 (71-87)

0.31

Heart rate (beats/min)

61 (54-68)

87 (77-98)

< 0.001

86 (77-98)

87 (80-102)

0.58

Temp (°C)

-

36.9 ± 1.0

-

37.0 ± 1.01

36.9 ± 0.78

0.79

Charlson index

0 (0-1)

3 (1-5)

< 0.001

2.5 (1-5)

4 (2-8)

0.05

Medical patient

-

85 (89%)

-

74 (95%)

11 (65%)

0.002

Surgical patient

-

10 (11%)

-

4 (5%)

6 (35%)

 

Site of infection

  

-

  

0.47

   Pulmonary

-

57 (60%)

-

45 (58%)

12 (70%)

--

   Intraabdominal

-

11 (12%)

-

9 (12%)

2 (12%)

--

   Urinary

-

11 (12%)

-

11 (14%)

0

--

   Skin/catheter

-

4 (4%)

-

4 (5%)

0

--

   Other

-

12 (13%)

-

9 (12%)

3 (18%)

--

Microbiology

     

0.63

   Gram-+ bacteria

-

30 (32%)

-

23 (29%)

7 (41%)

--

   Gram-- bacteria

-

16 (17%)

-

13 (17%)

3 (18%)

--

   Fungal

-

3 (3%)

-

3 (3%)

0

--

   Mixed or other

-

17 (18%)

-

13 (17%)

4 (24%)

--

   Unknown

-

29 (30%)

-

26 (33%)

3 (18%)

--

Positive blood culture

-

33 (35%)

-

27 (35%)

6 (35%)

0.96

Vasopressor useb

-

27 (28%)

-

19 (24%)

8 (47%)

0.08

Septic shockc

-

73 (85%)

-

58 (83%)

15 (94%)

0.45

APACHE II score

-

23 ± 8

-

21.8 ± 8.0

28.3 ± 7.2

0.003

Dysfunctional organsd

     

0.04

   1

-

14 (15%)

-

14 (18%)

0

--

   2

-

34 (36%)

-

30 (38%)

4 (24%)

--

   3

-

26 (27%)

-

20 (26%)

6 (35%)

--

   ≥ 4

-

21 (22%)

-

14 (18%)

7 (41%)

--

  1. Charlson index, Charlson comorbidity index [40]; MAP, mean arterial pressure at the time of brachial artery reactivity measurements; Temp, temperature at the time of brachial artery reactivity measurements; APACHE II, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II [37]; aValues are median (interquartile range), number (percentage), or mean (± SD); bvasopressor use, continuous intravenous infusion of one or more vasopressor agents (norepinephrine, phenylephrine, epinephrine, dopamine, vasopressin) coincident with measurements of brachial artery reactivity; cshock, hypotension or vasopressor dependence that persisted for ≥ 3 hours despite fluid challenge at the time of diagnosis; dorgan dysfunctions as defined previously [65] with slight modification: cardiovascular (hypotension (systolic blood pressure < 90 mm Hg or MAP < 60 mm Hg), vasopressor requirement, or clinical evidence of hypoperfusion); acid-base (metabolic acidosis and plasma lactate concentration > 2 mM); renal (urine output < 0.5 ml/kg/h despite fluid resuscitation); neurologic (altered mental status without other causes); respiratory (P:F ratio < 250, or < 200 if lungs are the only dysfunctional organs); hematologic (platelet count < 80,000 or > 50% decrease from baseline)
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Critical Care

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