1996 Criteria[39] |
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   Major Criteria |
   • Chronic or acute liver disease with advanced hepatic failure and portal hypertension. |
   • Serum creatinine > 1.5 mg/dL or 24-h creatinine clearance of < 40 mL/min. |
   • Absence of shock, ongoing bacterial infection, and current or recent treatment with nephrotoxic drugs. Absence of gastrointestinal fluid losses (repeated vomiting or intense diarrhea) or renal fluid losses |
   • No sustained improvement in renal function defined as a decrease in serum creatinine to < 1.5 mg/dL or increase in creatinine clearance to 40 mL/min or more following diuretic withdrawal and expansion of plasma volume with 1.5 L of isotonic saline. |
   • Proteinuria < 500 mg/dL and no ultrasonographic evidence of obstructive uropathy or parenchymal renal disease. |
   Minor Criteria |
   • Urine volume < 500 mL/d |
   • Urine sodium < 10 mEq/L |
   • Urine osmolality > plasma osmolality |
   • Urine red blood cells < 50 per high power field |
2007 Criteria[40] |
   • Cirrhosis with ascites |
   • Serum creatinine > 1.5 mg/dL |
   • No improvement of serum creatinine (decrease to a level ≤ 1.5 mg/dL) after at least two days of diuretic withdrawal and volume expansion with albumin. The recommended dose of albumin is 1 g/kg of body weight per day up to a maximum of 100 g/day |
   • Absence of shock |
   • No current or recent treatment with nephrotoxic drugs |
   • Absence of parenchymal kidney disease as indicated by proteinuria > 500 mg/day, microhematuria (> 50 red blood cells per high power field), and/or abnormal renal ultrasonography |