Table 3 Long-term outcomes
From: Long-term psychological effects of a no-sedation protocol in critically ill patients
No sedation (n= 13) | Sedation (n= 13) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Psychological problems before admission to ICU | 1 (8%) | 3 (23%) | 0.59 |
Psychological problems after hospital discharge | 2 (15%) | 6 (46%) | 0.20 |
Use of psychological medication before admission to ICU | 1 (8%) | 3 (23%) | 0.593 |
Use of psychological medication after hospital discharge | 2 (15%) | 2 (15%) | 1.00 |
SF-36 | |||
Mental component | 58 (51-61) | 52 (37-60) | 0.46 |
Physical component | 39 (31-46) | 40 (31-43) | 0.85 |
BDI-II | |||
Overall score | 3 (1-7) | 3 (1-11) | 0.61 |
Number of patients being depressed (score > 10) | 1 (8%) | 4 (31%) | 0.32 |
State Anxiety Inventory | 48 (45-50) | 50 (45-53) | 0.58 |
Impact of Events Scale | |||
Overall score | 4 (2-8) | 2 (0-11) | 0.41 |
Number of patients with PTSD (Score > 32) | 1 (8%) | 2 (15%) | 0.50 |
PTSS-10 | |||
Nightmares | 9 (69%) | 6 (46%) | 0.23 |
Anxiety and nightmares | 3 (23%) | 4 (31%) | 1.00 |
Pain | 1 (8%) | 0 (0) | 1.00 |
Trouble breathing | 2 (15%) | 5 (38%) | 0.37 |
Sum of B questions | 3 (0-6.5) | 10 (6-17) | 0.09 |
Number of patients suggestive of PTSD (Score > 35) | 1 (8%) | 0 (0) | 0.14 |
Modified ICU memory tool | |||
Remember ICU (yes) | 9 (69%) | 8 (62%) | 0.68 |
Remember Wake-up (yes) | 2 (15%) | 5 (38%) | 0.37 |
Sufficient rest (yes) | 12 (92%) | 12 (92%) | 1.00 |
Nightmares (yes) | 8 (62%) | 8 (62%) | 1.00 |
Pain (yes) | 2 (15%) | 1 (8%) | 0.50 |
Trouble breathing (yes) | 1 (8%) | 0 (0) | 1.00 |
Still affected by ICU (yes) | 3 (23%) | 1 (8%) | 0.29 |