Table 2 Demography, injury severity, transfusions, mortality, hemostasis and biomarkers of coagulopathy in ACoTS and non-ACoTS patients
ACoTS | Normal (no ACoTS) | p to value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Demography | ||||
N | 12 | 68 | ||
Age | yrs | 42 (26 to 74) | 46 (34 to 63) | NS |
Gender | m% (n) | 75% (9) | 66% (45) | NS |
Blunt trauma | % (n) | 92% (11) | 91% (62) | NS |
ISS | score | 34 (30 to 43) | 17 (10 to 25) | < 0.001 |
sTBI | % (n) | 25% (3) | 32% (19) | NS |
GCS (PH) | score | 3 (3 to 7) | 13 (7 to 15) | < 0.001 |
Shockindex (PH) | HR/SBP | 0.68 (0.56 to 0.78) | 0.61 (0.48 to 0.75) | NS |
RBC 1 h | n | 5 (0 to 9) | 0 (0 to 0) | < 0.001 |
MT (> 10 RBC in 24 h) | % (n) | 50% (6) | 7% (5) | < 0.001 |
Mortality | % (n) | 50% (6) | 12% (8) | 0.001 |
Shock, biochemistry and coagulopathy | ||||
pH | 7.27 (7.13 to 7.31) | 7.36 (7.31 to 7.40) | 0.001 | |
SBE | mmol/l | -5.1 (-8.2 to -2.35) | -1.8 (-3.4 to 0.0) | 0.009 |
Hemoglobin | mmol/l | 6.8 (5.8 to 8.8) | 8.5 (7.6 to 9.0) | 0.055 |
Platelet count | 109/l | 197 (173 to 238) | 208 (176 to 259) | NS |
Fibrinogen | g/l | 1.53 (1.25 to 2.02) | 2.45 (2.18 to 2.89) | 0.001 |
FXIII | microg/ml | 23 (17 to 29) | 30 (24 to 39) | 0.004 |
vWF | % | 143 (100 to 209) | 201 (140 to 226) | 0.117 |
APTT | sec | 33 (27 to 42) | 25 (23 to 26) | NA |
INR | ratio | 1.3 (1.3 to 1.5) | 1.1 (1.1 to 1.1) | NA |
Tissue, endothelial cell and glycocalyx injury | ||||
Histone-complexed DNA | % | 15.4 (8.5 to 58.2) | 4.8 (0.1 to 11.8) | 0.003 |
Annexin V | ng/ml | 45 (40 to 61) | 24 (21 to 35) | 0.001 |
sTM | ng/ml | 2.90 (2.27 to 4.09) | 1.43 (0.92 to 3.34) | 0.015 |
Syndecan-1 | ng/ml | 62 (34 to 107) | 31 (18 to 48) | 0.013 |
Thrombin generation | ||||
PF1.2 | nmol/l | 3.17 (0.61 to 16.03) | 6.71 (2.08 to 18.79) | 0.120 |
TAT | ng/ml | 38 (36 to 41) | 36 (30 to 43) | NS |
Natural anticoagulation | ||||
AT | 103 U/l | 0.68 (0.62 to 0.85) | 0.95 (0.87 to 1.03) | < 0.001 |
PC | % | 72 (60 to 89) | 114 (99 to 129) | < 0.001 |
APC | ng/ml | 9.98 (8.59 to 11.96) | 9.78 (7.72 to 12.15) | NS |
sEPCR | ng/ml | 174 (141 to 242) | 230 (175 to 398) | 0.087 |
PS | % | 57 (50 to 69) | 66 (61 to 71) | 0.078 |
TFPI | ng/ml | 63 (43 to 74) | 60 (47 to 80) | NS |
Fibrinolysis | ||||
D-dimer | ng/ml | 174 (173 to 176) | 158 (122 to 173) | 0.001 |
tPA | ng/ml | 7.2 (5.5 to 11.8) | 6.9 (3.5 to 12.6) | NS |
PAI | ng/ml | 26 (11 to 37) | 22 (14 to 40) | NS |
Inflamamtion | ||||
sC5b-9 | ng/ml | 1, 014 (701 to 1, 173) | 1, 027 (905 to 1, 232) | NS |
IL-6 | pg/ml | 110 (98 to 128) | 61 (18 to 118) | 0.024 |