Table 8 Evidence for the effect of each intervention on ICU and/or hospital length of stay

RCT

-

1 (ICU) [50]

-

1 (ICU) [56]

1 (hospital) [56]

-

-

Non RCT or prospective comparator

1 (hospital) [24]

2 (ICU) [24, 87]

1 (hospital) [87]

1 (ICU) [77]

1 (hospital) [77]

1 (ICU) [55]

1 (hospital) [55]

-

Retrospective comparator

1 (ICU) [32, 33]

2 (ICU) [3, 79]

5 (hospital)

[3, 39, 40, 66, 79]

7 (ICU) [39, 66, 67, 69, 81, 83, 105]*

3 (hospital) [67, 69, 81]

1 (ICU) [26]

1 (hospital) [26]

-

Controlled and/or comparator study outcomes, n (percentage of all outcomes within intervention group)

2 (8%)

11 (44%)

12 (48%)

4 (67%)

2 (33%)

0

Prospective noncomparator

-

-

-

-

-

-

Retrospective noncomparator

-

1 (ICU) [107]

1 (hospital) [107]

2 (ICU) [98, 106]

-

-

-

Case report

-

-

-

-

-

-

Study outcomes, n (percentage of outcomes within intervention group)

2 (7%)

13 (45%)

14 (48%)

4 (67%)

2 (33%)

0