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Table 1 Characteristics and main outcomes of the study population

From: Severe metabolic or mixed acidemia on intensive care unit admission: incidence, prognosis and administration of buffer therapy. a prospective, multiple-center study

Characteristics

All patients (n= 155)

Survivors (n= 66)

Nonsurvivors (n= 89)

P value

Age (years)

63 ± 16

62 ± 16

67 ± 15

< 0.01

Males

99 (64)

41 (62)

58 (65)

0.74

Body mass index (kg/m2)

26 ± 6

26 ± 5

27 ± 7

0.43

SAPS II upon ICU admission

67 ± 22

53 ± 16

76 ± 21

< 0.01

SOFA upon ICU admission

10 ± 4

9 ± 4

12 ± 4

< 0.01

Admitting diagnosis group

    

   Septic shock

54 (35)

25 (37)

29 (33)

0.53

   Hemorrhagic shock

16 (11)

5 (8)

11 (12)

0.48

   Cardiogenic shock

11 (7)

3 (5)

8 (9)

0.45

   Cardiac arrest

19 (12)

5 (8)

14 (16)

0.20

   Multiple trauma

10 (6)

5 (8)

5 (6)

0.74

   Acute respiratory failure

19 (12)

7 (10)

12 (13)

0.63

   Acute renal failure

4 (3)

4 (6)

0 (0)

0.03

   Others

22 (14)

12 (18)

10 (11)

0.25

Vasopressor administration upon ICU admission

130 (83)

49 (74)

81 (91)

0.01

Renal replacement therapy within first 24 hours of ICU stay

31 (20)

12 (18)

19 (21)

0.69

Mechanical ventilation within first 24 hours of ICU stay

135 (88)

54 (82)

81 (91)

0.15

Creatininemia upon ICU admission (μmol/L)

200 ± 134

213 ± 166

188 ± 100

0.81

Albuminemia upon ICU admission (g/L)

23 ± 8

25 ± 9

21 ± 7

0.01

Base excess upon ICU admission (mmol/L)

-13.7 ± 6.1

-12.4 ± 6.1

-14.6 ± 5.9

< 0.01

Anion gap upon ICU admission (mmol/L)

23 ± 10

21 ± 10

25 ± 9

< 0.01

Apparent strong ion difference upon ICU admission (mEq/L)

32.4 ± 6.0

35.4 ± 6.5

34.5 ± 5.8

0.16

Effective strong ion difference upon ICU admission (mEq/L)

22.3 ± 6.0

24.9 ± 6.1

22.4 ± 6.0

0.04

Strong ion gap upon ICU admission (mEq/L)

10.4 ± 6.3

10.8 ± 6.4

12.1 ± 5.3

0.21

Sodium bicarbonate administration within first 24 hours of ICU stay

57 (37)

23 (35)

34 (38)

0.73

Amount of sodium bicarbonate administered within first 24 hours of ICU stay in patients receiving sodium bicarbonate (mmol/kg)

3.9 ± 3.2

3.0 ± 2.0

4.0 ± 2.8

0.31

Length of mechanical ventilation (days)

3 [2 to 11]

4 [3 to 6]

2 [2 to 3]

0.04

Length of vasopressor administration (days)

2 [1 to 5]

3 [2 to 4]

2 [2.0 to 2.1]

0.38

Length of ICU stay (days)

5 [2 to 13]

11 [8 to 17]

2 [2 to 3]

< 0.01

  1. SAPS II = Severity Acute Physiology Score II [22]; SOFA = Sequential Organ Failure Assessment [23]. Categorical data are expressed as raw numbers (%). Continuous data are expressed as means ± SD. All other data are medians [range]. Comparisons were made between survivors and nonsurvivors.