Figure 2From: Bench-to-beside review: Acute-on-chronic liver failure - linking the gut, liver and systemic circulationMechanisms of Kupffer cell activation. IL, interleukin; LBP, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein; Lp, lipoproteins; NO, nitric oxide; Pg, peptidoglycans; PGD2, prostaglandin D2; PGE2, prostaglandin E2; TLR, Toll-like receptor; TNFα, tumor necrosis factor-alpha; TXA2, thromboxane A2.Back to article page